Facts About Women and Trauma

Traumatic events include physical, psychological, and sexual abuse; terrorism and war; domestic violence; witnessing violence against others; and accidents and natural disasters. They can result in serious stress and detrimental consequences for survivors and their families.

Approximately one half (50%) of all individuals will be exposed to at least one traumatic event in their lifetime.

Although the majority of individuals will be able to absorb the trauma over time, many survivors will experience long-lasting problems.

Approximately 8% of survivors will develop Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Many survivors currently living with PTSD experience symptoms that are both chronic and severe. These include: nightmares, insomnia, somatic disturbances, difficulty with intimate relationships, fear, anxiety, anger, shame, aggression, suicidal behaviors, loss of trust, and isolation.

Psychological disorders may also occur in conjunction with posttraumatic stress including depression, anxiety, and alcohol/substance abuse problems.

Research indicates that women are twice as likely to develop Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), experience a longer duration of posttraumatic symptoms, and display more sensitivity to stimuli that remind them of the trauma.

Although women are at greater risk for negative consequences following traumatic events, many often hesitate to seek mental health treatment. Survivors often wait years to receive help, while others never receive treatment at all.

Untreated posttraumatic symptoms not only have tremendous mental health implications, but can also lead to adverse effects on physical health. Female survivors may encounter physical symptoms including headaches, gastro-intestinal problems, and sexual dysfunction.

Although the mental and physical symptoms of posttraumatic stress can be quite debilitating, trauma is often undiagnosed by health professionals due to a lack of training, time, and resources.

There are a variety of effective treatment interventions for women who have survived traumatic events, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, group treatment, pharmacotherapy, and psychodynamic interventions.

Support Increased Funding for Research on Women and Trauma

• Epidemiological Studies

• Models for Prevention and Early Intervention

• Development and Evaluation of Assessment Tools

• Development and Evaluation of Treatment Interventions

• Prevention of Intergenerational Consequences of Trauma

Support Increased Training Regarding Women, Trauma, and Abuse

• Mental Health Professionals/Medical Personnel

• School Personnel (e.g., teachers and administrators)

• Law Enforcement/Juvenile Justice Personnel

• Advocates

• Children, Parents/Guardians, and Caregivers

• Community Agencies

• Native/Indigenous and Rural Professionals

Support Increased Services for Female Survivors and their Families

• Prevention and Early Intervention Programs

• Systematic Trauma Screening

• Integrative Systems of Care

• Primary Care Collaborations

• School-based Programs

• Community Outreach

• Parent-Child Interventions

• Case Management