
|
| Expanding the Psychology Curriculum: An Annotated-Bibliography on Diversity in Psychology The Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology REVISED 1998 Prepared by: A. Toy Caldwell-Colbert (Senior Author) University of Illinois;
Ruth E. Fassinger, University of Maryland; Joseph J. Horvat, Jr., Weber State
University; Joe Lamas, G. H. Braddock High School; Linda R. Mona, Veterans' Affairs,
Palo Alto Health Care System; John N. Mortisugu, Pacific Lutheran University;
and Carole E. Wade (Task Force Chair), Dominican College of San Rafael. TABLE OF CONTENTS The Need for this Revised Bibliography Purpose of Document Introduction To Psychology Learning Disabilities and Teaching ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY DIVERSITY ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELING & THERAPY PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING PSYCHOLOGY OF HUMAN SEXUALITY PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN RESEARCH AND MEASUREMENT IN PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Expanding the Psychology Curriculum: An Annotated- Bibliography on Diversity in Psychology This bibliography was revised and expanded by the APA Board
of Educational Affair's Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate
Levels of Education in Psychology, a group working to promote the teaching of
psychology as a more inclusive discipline. The Task Force mission was to find
constructive ways of supporting teachers' efforts to convey research findings
about diverse groups and to address such issues as gender, ethnicity, culture,
aging, sexual orientation, and disability. The Task Force members were A. Toy
Caldwell-Colbert, University of Illinois; Ruth E. Fassinger, University of Maryland;
Joseph J. Horvat, Jr., Weber State University; Joe Lamas, G.H. Braddock High School;
Linda R. Mona, Veterans' Affairs, Palo Alto Health Care System; John N. Mortisugu,
Pacific Lutheran University; and Carole E. Wade (Task Force Chair), Dominican
College of San Rafael. We gratefully thank Christine Asidao, Dawn Dvocak, and
Tamara Johnson, graduate students at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
for supplementing annotations and, checking references, and also for providing
clerical assistance to Cathy Rix and Kim Green, staff secretaries at the University. The Need for this Revised Bibliography During the last two decades, new scholarship on gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation,
and disability has called into question what was once the knowledge base in psychology.
This scholarship, along with the changing demographics of our society, has created
new challenges for the classroom instructor. Psychology's growing awareness of
this new scholarship has heightened the need to identify resources that address
the important issues of diversity and educational equity. Course offerings that
incorporate material on race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, disability,
and age create the opportunity for students to discuss and expand their understanding
of human behavior. Psychology teachers addressing diversity in their courses often
face the difficult task of identifying and accessing references inclusive on these
topics that will engage students. The Task Force expanded this annotated bibliography
in response to the growing need for resources in this area and to facilitate the
teaching of psychology as a more inclusive discipline. This revised 1998 annotated bibliography was adapted from a work in progress
that focused on multi-cultural psychology published in 1994 by Mary Kite and Division
2's Task Force on Minority Issues. Users of the 1994 bibliography were encouraged
to provide feedback and additional references which is in part the impetus for
this 1998 revised and expanded annotated bibliography. Because of the continuing
growth in publications addressing diversity issues, additional references, annotations,
and comments are welcome; they may be forwarded to
A. Toy Caldwell-Colbert, senior author for possible inclusion
in future or revised reference lists. Purpose of Document This document provides relevant resources to which teachers can refer who
modifying their courses to promote the study of psychology as a more inclusive
science. The annotated references include books, monographs, and journal and newsletter
articles ranging in content from pedagogical suggestions for introducing diversity
topics in the classroom, to classroom exercises for facilitating discussion, to
current research with diverse populations, to curriculum development and proposed
syllabi for infusing diversity content into psychology courses. We hope this range
of content will provide resources to help teachers integrate diversity issues
into their classrooms in a meaningful manner. Please keep in mind that this resource
list is not intended to be a comprehensive literature review. For example, a specific
course listing on cross-cultural psychology has been omitted intentionally from
this document and readers are encouraged to refer to Bill Hill's document entitled
"Resources for Teaching Cross-Cultural Issues in Psychology," a resource also
handled by Division 2's Office of Teaching Resources in Psychology (OTRP). In general, we have organized references by course title and indicated
points for cross-referencing bibliographies that overlap with multiple courses.
References not in the original bibliography (Kite et al. 1994) have been highlighted
in bold face type. Adams, M. (Ed.). (1992). Promoting diversity in college classrooms: Innovative
responses for the curriculum, faculty, and institutions. In R.J. Kenges &
M.D. Svinicki (Eds.), New directions for teaching and learning: Vol. 52.
San Francisco: Josey-Bass. How to teach diverse students at the post-secondary level. APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1997, December). Including enough diversity in your
classes? APA Monitor, 28(12), 30. This brief article discusses how to begin discussing diversity issues in introductory
psychology courses. Barriers to discussing diversity topics are addressed and
comprehensive guidelines are suggested to help introductory psychology instructors
teach material inclusive of prejudice and discrimination, disability, ethnicity,
sexual orientation, culture, and ageism. Appropriate classroom exercises and resources
are offered. APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, January). Talking about prejudice can be a
powerful teaching tool. APA Monitor, 29(1), 32. The ways in which the delicate issue of prejudice can be taught in introductory
psychology courses are offered in this piece. Specific suggestions are given about
how prejudice and discrimination can be discussed during the teaching of classical
conditioning, memory, social perception, and development. Class exercises are
listed for each of these psychology topic areas. Further references are included. APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, February). Disability as diversity: A guide
for classroom discussion. APA Monitor, 29(2), 31. Incorporating disability as a diversity topic in introductory psychology classes
is discussed within this article. Specifically, viewing disability as a socially
defined experience versus labeling individuals by medical diagnoses is explored.
It is proposed that disability can be discussed when teaching about research methods
and design, health psychology, and social perception. Classroom exercises are
offered and suggested readings are included. APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, March). Enriching the focus on ethnicity and
race. APA Monitor, 29(3), 43. This article focuses on the importance of addressing race and ethnicity in
introductory psychology courses. It emphasizes the importance of helping students
to understand the complexity of the terms "racism," "prejudice," "race," and "ethnicity."
Discussion guidelines for reviewing these terms are provided. The power of labeling
individuals of varying ethnic backgrounds is reviewed. Suggestions for teaching
about race and ethnicity within class material pertaining to health psychology
and intelligence testing are provided along with relevant classroom exercises.
Further resources are listed. APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, April). Sexual-orientation issues can be easily
integrated into many classes. APA Monitor, 29(4), 39. This piece discusses the growing psychological resource base of material on
the experiences of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people and suggests that it
can be quite easy to integrate this information into introductory psychology courses.
Specific ideas and classroom exercises are proposed for discussing LGB individuals
when teaching research methods in psychology, biopsychological topics, developmental
domains, and social-emotional areas. Additional references are provided. APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, May). Tips for incorporating culture in class.
APA Monitor, 29(5), 39. Including cross-cultural issues within introductory psychology courses is explored
and specific teaching suggestions and classroom exercises are provided. Addressing
the misconceptions about culture that students may maintain is thought to be of
great importance. Specifically, students may interpret cultural variations as
odd and hard to understand from their own culture. Similarly, students may have
difficulties seeing how culture fits into a group's economic, political, and kinship
systems. Discussing these misunderstandings is suggested to be the doorway to
discussing cultural issues. This piece also addresses the importance of "bringing
culture home" and helping students to examine their own cultural assumptions and
expectations. Finally, ideas about relevant material on culture to emphasize in
the classroom are given. Further resources are listed. APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, June). Sparking discussion on gender in your
class. APA Monitor, 29(6), 40. This article explores the ways in which gender can be discussed within introductory
psychology courses. The growth of the psychological literature on women is acknowledged.
The importance of exposing students to the history of female psychologists who
may have been left out of discussions of the history of psychology is emphasized
in addition to the significance of having students question how gender is addressed
in their text book. Accordingly, it is suggested that using classroom debate to
encourage lively discussions of gender issues in psychology can help to empower
students. Additional references are included. APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, August). Integrating aging into introductory
psychology. APA Monitor, 29, (8), 46. Students often have misunderstandings and stereotypes about older adults. This
article provides useful tips for helping students dispel myths surrounding the
aging process. Demographic information is briefly outlined to help frame a useful
understanding about the aging population in America. Quality of life issues are
discussed along with problems stemming from severe memory loss, such as Alzheimer's.
Information about diverse racial, ethnic, cultural and class background of the
elderly is briefly discussed. A series of classroom exercises are offered that
range from in-class activities to out-of-class projects that involve students
interacting with older adults to help dispel stereotypes. The positive slant to
the article helps students consider the aging process as less threatening and
a period in life with many potential rewards. A list of useful references and
resources to facilitate classroom instruction are offered at the end of the article. Aronson, E., & Bridgeman, D. (1979). Jigsaw groups and the desegregated
classroom: In pursuit of common goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
5, 438-446. This dated but relevant work identifies classroom climate as a powerful element
in the education of the student. Aronson and Bridgeman point out the education
process involves students in a competitive quest for attention from the educator.
This competition is viewed as dysfunctional in that it projects the students as
challengers to the educator's attention despite the caliber of the learning activity
(i.e., from passive viewing of a movie to the raising of one's hand to the one
called on to give a response). The authors state that this dysfunctional competition
may exacerbate any prejudices between the students. The authors provide substantiation
of this conclusion with the presentation, in review format, of classroom studies
across all levels of education. The jigsaw technique and other cooperative techniques
are described at the end of the article. Benjamin, L. T. (1991). Personalization and active learning in the large introductory
psychology class. Teaching of Psychology, 18, 68-74. Benjamin enumerates several leading methods to promote a personal contact with
students in the context of historical and current research. He comments on his
personal application of several of the techniques. In his listing, he also highlights
the value of those methods in the production of active learning of material which
students can relate to the psychological content. Border, L. L. B., & Ban Note Chism, N. (Eds.). (1992). Teaching for diversity.
In R.J. Kenges & M.D. Svinicki (Eds.), New directions for teaching and
learning: Vol. 49 (pp. 102-115). San Francisco: Josey-Bass. Provides a list of journal articles and videos which should help promote the
incorporation of diversity issues into the classroom. Also discusses how several
programs (such as Harvard and Stanford) were successful in developing multiple
points of view in the classroom. Bronstein, P. A., & Quina, K. (1988). Teaching a psychology of people.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. This book is full of resources for teachers of psychology, including ideas
for a multicultural approach to specific courses such as Introductory Psychology,
Abnormal Psychology, and Developmental Psychology. Currently under revision. Look
for second edition. Brown, L. S. (1989). New voices, new visions: Toward a lesbian/gay paradigm
for psychology. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13, 445-458. This article discusses three issues that constitute reality for lesbian/gay
people--marginalization, biculturalism, and normative creativity--and explores
ways in which psychology might be different if the experiences of lesbian/gay
people were made central in theory, research, and practice. Eloquent, accessible,
affirmative, and eye-opening, this should be required reading in any psychology
course. Committee on Lesbian and Gay Concerns. (In press). A selected bibliography
of lesbian and gay concerns in psychology: An affirmative perspective. Washington,
DC: American Psychological Association. This is the most comprehensive bibliography published by APA on lesbian/gay
concerns. Just now being updated (from a 1990 version), it contains (non-annotated)
listings of articles and books covering all aspects of lesbian/gay psychology--identity
and coming out, legal and civil rights, discrimination, mental health issues and
psychotherapy, health and HIV/AIDS, workplace issues, parenting and children,
adolescence, aging, cultural diversity, spirituality and religion, and lesbian/gay
communities. An excellent compendium of the most important and readable material
on lesbian/gay issues. Committee on Lesbian and Gay Concerns. (1991). Avoiding heterosexual bias in
language. American Psychologist, 46, 973-974. A brief guide to language issues in incorporating lesbian/gay concerns into
psychological work. Fine, M., & Asch, A. (1988). Women with disabilities: Essays in psychology,
culture, and politics. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. This book includes a collection of writings by women with disabilities which
explore issues related to the disabled female social role, career identity, disability
community, politics, and relationships. Ford, T. E., Grossman, R. W., & Jordan, E. A. (1997). Teaching about unintentional
racism in introductory psychology. Teaching of Psychology, 24(3), 186-188. This article discusses a case study designed to promote awareness regarding
unintentional discrimination. Students participating in the study read and discussed
a scenario regarding a White professor and an African-American student. The exercise
helps students learn concepts of aversive racism and the cognitive processes involved.
Strategies for dealing with the emotional intensity of such discussions, as well
as possible suggestions for future curriculum are also discussed. Gappa, J. M., & Pearce, J. (1981). Sex and gender in the social sciences:
Reassessing the introductory course. Washington, DC: American Psychological
Association. This report, funded by the Women's Educational Equity Act Program, was designed
to encourage the integration of women's scholarship into the introductory courses
in psychology, microeconomics, and sociology. Relevant here is the section on
the introductory psychology course developed by Nancy Felipe Russo and Natalie
Malovich. This highly accessible resource offers relevant content and discussion
topics about women and women's issues for all curriculum areas in psychology.
Although the resource is now dated, many of the examples and discussion topics
could be adapted for a focus on people of color. Massachusetts Developmental Disabilities Council. (1990). Disability and
diversity: An annotated Bibliography (1st ed.). Boston, MA: Massachusetts
Developmental Disabilities Council. This 35 page annotated bibliography offers a listing of resources ranging from
adoption, cultural competence, cultural values, family, and model programs. This
bibliography, however, does not provide complete references for all of its materials. Massachusetts Developmental Disabilities Council. (1992). Disability and
diversity: An annotated Bibliography (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Massachusetts
Developmental Disabilities Council. This 84 page updated annotated bibliography offers a listing of resources ranging
from adoption, cultural competence, cultural values, family, and model programs.
Matsumodo, D. (1994). People: Psychology from a cultural perspective.
Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole. This inexpensive textbook can be used immediately as a supplement to the regular
textbook in Introductory Psychology and other psychology courses. As stated in
the Preface to the book, "This book is intended for use as a supplemental textbook
in introductory psychology courses and, in some cases, as a primary text in lower-divisions
cross-cultural psychology courses. By reviewing cross-cultural research literature
in nine popular areas of psychology, this text challenges much of the knowledge
that is typically presented in larger, more traditional introductory psychology
texts and courses. As a supplement, this text presents a much more detailed discussion
of the issues than would be possible in a traditional psychology text." Slife, B. (1994). Taking sides: Clashing views on controversial psychological
issues (8th ed.). Guilford, CT: Dushkin Publishing Group. Critical thinking skills are a significant component of a meaningful education,
and this book is specifically designed to stimulate critical thinking and initiate
lively and informed dialogue on psychological issues. Watts, R. J. (1992). Elements of a psychology of human diversity. Journal
of Community Psychology, 20, 116-131. This article reviews four perspectives: population-specific psychologies, sociopolitical
perspectives, cross-cultural psychology, and ecological psychology. After a general
discussion of the views which are informative for any area of psychology, specific
implications for research, action, and theory in community psychology are discussed. Whitten, L. A. (1993). Infusing Black psychology into the introductory psychology
course. Teaching of Psychology, 20, 13-21. Offers a model for integrating Black psychology with the more traditional introductory
psychology curriculum. Suggestions include a lecture outline, small-group activities,
and curriculum resources. The presented model can also be adapted for topic areas
such as psychology of women, disability, or other underrepresented groups. Note: The following articles address learning disabilities and teaching, and
thus may be helpful to any instructor of the introductory psychology course: Aune, E. (1991). A transitional model for postsecondary-bound students with
learning disabilities. Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 6,
177-187. Many colleges have students with learning disabilities enrolled in their programs.
It is likely that many of these students will not succeed, not because they are
unmotivated or unable and not because they do not experience caring and excellent
professors. They fail in college because they were not prepared for college while
in high school. This article explores how students with learning disabilities
should be prepared for college. Bruck, M. (1987). The adult outcomes of children with learning disabilities.
Annals of Dyslexia. Baltimore, MD: The Orton Dyslexia Society. Children with learning disabilities grow up. Their learning disabilities do
not go away once they become adults. This article examines what happens to students
with learning disabilities after they leave basic education, focusing on students
who were not effectively educated. Bruck argues that schools (basic and higher
education) must carefully and directly prepare students with learning disabilities
for productive futures. Deshler, D. D., Schumaker, J. B., Alley, G. R., Warner, M. M., & Clark,
F. L. (1983). Learning disabilities in adolescents and young adult populations:
Research implications (Part III). Focus on Exceptional Children, 15/9,
1-14. This two-part series uses data to list and explain the characteristics of adolescents
and adults with learning disabilities. The authors sort out characteristics into
a series of useful categories. Mangrum, C. T., & Strichart, S. S. (1989). College and the learning
disabled student: A guide to program selection, development, and implementation.
Orlando, FL: Grune & Stratton. This is the Bible! The authors have compiled considerable general information
on learning disabilities and programs. Additionally, the book is full of suggestions
for college faculty. Nelson, J. R., Dodd, J. M., & Smith, D. J. (1990). Faculty willingness
to accommodate students with learning disabilities: A comparison among academic
divisions. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 23, 185-189. These authors discuss faculty attitudes related to students with learning disabilities.
They identify and examine unfounded stereotypes and suggest that faculty perceptions
and expectations are ubiquitous. Rogan, J. (1993). The Alternative Learners Project, College Misericordia's
program for students with learning disabilities, Preventing School Failure.
Fall Edition. This article discusses how Pennsylvania's "model" program deals with students
with learning disabilities. See, also: DIVERSITY ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGY: Lopez, G. E., Saler, R. E., & Jenkins, S. M. (1991). Whitten, L.A. (1993). PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN: Krotoski, D. M., Nosek, M. A., & Turk, M. A. (1996). Madden, M. E., & Hyde, J. S. (1998, March) RESEARCH AND MEASUREMENT IN PSYCHOLOGY: Graham, S. (1992). Guthrie, R. V. (1998). SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Smith, P. B., & Bond, M. H. (1993) Woodruff, B. (1994). Adebimpe, V. R. (1981). Overview: White norms and psychiatric diagnosis of
Black patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 279-285. This article points out the subjective nature of clinical interview data collection
and highlights that the possibility for error is greater in the areas of language
differences, modes of communication and expression of distress which are salient
to the diagnosis of Blacks with symptomology. The author points out that stereotypes
of Blacks also confound the diagnostic activity, particularly for the White clinician.
In doing so, he calls attention to the social and political implications of misdiagnoses.
Although dated, this article serves as a good source for discussions of labeling
related to the classification/diagnosis unit. Jones, B. E., and Gray, B. A. (1986). Problems in diagnosing schizophrenia
and affective disorders among Blacks. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 37,
61-65. The article is dated in the sense that it makes reference to shortcomings in
DSM III, however, important points about misdiagnoses concerning Blacks are made
thus making it a worthwhile resource. Misdiagnosis occurs among Blacks and lower
socioeconomic groups with respect to overdiagnosis of schizophrenia and underdiagnosis
of affective disorders. Over reliance on the thought disorder symptomatology of
schizophrenia diagnosis, underreliance on thought disorder symptomology for affective
disorder, poor consensus in the field on the difference between normal and abnormal
mood, and little understanding of language and mannerisms in these groups are
identified as factors contributing to the misdiagnoses. Specific cultural factors
in Blacks and Hispanics related to misdiagnoses are discussed. The establishment
of baseline behaviors and symptomology for Blacks is suggested. This is an excellent
source for discussions of clinical judgment, diagnostic systems, and the design
of clinical research investigations to establish baseline behaviors in various
cultural groups. King, J., Beals, J., Manson, S. M., & Trimble, J. E. (1992). A structural
equation model of factors related to substance abuse among American Indian adolescents.
Drugs and Society, 6(3-4), 253-268. A structural equation modeling was used to test alternative models of the relative
influence of such life experiences (life stress, social support, & depression)
on the nature and extent of alcohol and drug use. Kirmayer, L. J. (1991). The place of culture in psychiatric nosology: Taijin
kyofusho and DSM III-R. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 179,
19-28. This article describes the need for clarification of cultural context and function
of diagnosis and the development of a syndrome indigenous to Japan of Taijim Kyofusho.
The author describes the symptoms and early learning experiences in Japan which
seem to foster this social fear of interpersonal relations. In doing so, he underscores
the limits of the DSM III-R nosology which allows for a diagnosis based on presence
of symptomology. To the psychology educator, this work provides both a source
of information about maladaptive symptoms in Japan and emphasizes the importance
of knowledge of cultural context. Kleinmare, A. (1986). Social origins of distress and disease: Depression,
neurasthenia, and pain in modern China. New Haven: Yale University Press. This world famous anthropologist/psychiatrist presents his findings from field-research
studies of illness and care in Chinese society. Of particular relevance is his
explanation for the low prevalence of depression in the Chinese culture. LaDue, R. A. (1991). Coyote returns: Survival for Native American women. In
P. Roth (Ed.), Alcohol and drugs are women's issues. Volume One: A review
of the issues. Metuchen, NJ: Women's Action Alliance and the Scarecrow Press,
Incorporated. A sensitively written work about the issues pertinent in alcohol abuse for
Native American women. The break in the cultural circle of life along with other
alcohol abuse problems is identified as a factor that contributes to the destruction
of native communities. Manson, S. (1989). Risk factors for suicide among Indian adolescents at a boarding
school. Public Health Report, 104(6), 609-614. Just as the title suggests. Moncher, M. S., Holden, G. W., & Trimble, J. E. (1990). Substance abuse
among Native American youth. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
58(4), 408-415. Substance use and abuse poses serious risks for American-Indian youth, their
families, and their communities. This article briefly reviews social epidemiological
data followed by a discussion of culturally relevant etiological factors. Neighbors, H. W., Jackson, J. S., Campbell, L., & Williams, D. (1989).
The influence of racial factors on psychiatric diagnosis: A review and suggestions
for research. Community Mental Health Journal, 25, 301-311. This review article presents prevalence figures to substantiate the point that
Blacks are misdiagnosed more often with schizophrenia and less often with affective
disorders than Whites who exhibit similar symptomatology. The article is dated
in that it refers to the DSM-III system rather than DSM-III-R or DSM IV where
a more explicit definition of symptomology has been accomplished. Specific suggestions
of research designs to investigate alternate ways to decrease misdiagnoses among
Blacks and increase cultural awareness of the language and mannerisms of Blacks
related to symptomology are given (for example, the use of structured interviews
by both White and Black clinicians to differentially diagnose Black and White
clients). Given the merit of these ideas and the date of the article, this resource
would best serve as an invitation to students to discuss these ideas and locate
evidence to support and refute them in the current literature. Phillips, F. B. (1990). NTU Psychotherapy: An Afrocentric approach. The
Journal of Black Psychology, 17, 55-74. This article describes a type of therapy, NTU (pronounced "in-too") based on
a central African concept of a unifying force that reaches all aspects of existence.
The emphasis in this approach is on a natural ordered emification of mind, body
and spirit. Core aspects of this African philosophy are thought to be influenced
by African American culture. These aspects are congruent to a Hemonistic perspective.
As such, one goal of the therapy is congruence with oneself. The therapeutic relationship
is paramount in this psychotherapy. African principles of Narigo Saba are emphasized
as spiritual guidelines for the individual to follow and acceptance of these views
allow the healing process to begin. The varied aspects involved in this therapeutic
process are described. This is a valuable resource for discussions in an Abnormal
Psychology class of faith healing, cultural influences to the expression and manifestation
of disorder and therapeutic process. Strickland, T. L. (1995). Comparison of lithium ratio between African American
and CaucAsian bipolar patients. Biological Psychiatry, 37(5), 325-330.
Findings suggest that African Americans may be more susceptible to the side
effects associated with lithium treatment, such that lower doses may be necessary. See, also: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: Bronstein, P. A., & Quina, K. (1988). INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELING & THERAPY: Garnets, L., Hancock, K. A., Cochran, S. D., Goodchilds, J., & Peplau,
I. A. (1991). Leong, F. T. L. (1986). PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING: Birren, J. E., Sloane, R. B. & Cohen, G. D. (Eds.). (1992). Blazer, D. (1990). McIntosh, J. L., Santos, J. F., Hubbard, R. W. & Overholser, J.C. (1994). RESEARCH & MEASUREMENT IN PSYCHOLOGY: Westermeyer, J. (1987). SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Broverman, I. K., Broverman, D. M., Clarkson, F. E., Rosenkrantz, P. S., &
Vogel, S. R. (1970). Berlin, B., & Kay, P. (1969). Basic color terms: Their universality
and evolution. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Research in this paper strongly indicates semantic universals have been discovered
in the domain of color vocabulary. Bernal, M. E. (1993). Family socialization and the ethnic identity of Mexican
American children. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology, 24 (1), 99-114. Explores the role of the ethnic family background and ethnic socialization
in the social-cognitive development of ethnic identity in Mexican-American children. Berry, J. W. (1976). Human ecology and cognitive style: Comparative studies
in cultural and psychological adaptation. New York: Sage. Discusses cognitive style and differentiation an ecological-cultural-behavioral
model, adaptation and differentiation, acculturation and differentiation, patterning
of differentiation and implications and applications. Boykin, A. W., & Allen, B. A. (1991). The influence of contextual factors
on Afro-American and Euro-American children's performance. International Journal
of Psychology, 26(3), 373-387. 40 Black and 32 White low-income children learned to pair pictures in an acquisition
context that allowed them to coordinate movement with music and an acquisition
context that allowed for little movement opportunity and no music and examine
picture-pair retention in a context where music was either present or absent. Diaz, R. (1991). The effects of bilingualism on preschoolers' private speech.
Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 6(3), 377-393. Examines the effects of bilingualism on the development of self-regulatory
private speech. Had positive effects on the frequency of private speech. Geary, D., Fan, L., & Bow-Thomas, C. (1992). Numerical cognition: Loci
of ability differences comparing children from China and the United States. Psychological
Science, 3(3), 180-185. Studies whether the advantage of Chinese children over American children in
basic numerical skills is related to differences in the strategies used to solve
elementary mathematics problems or the speed of executing the underlying processes. Goldstein, K. M., & Blackman, S. (1978). Cognitive styles: Five approaches
and relevant research. New York: Wiley. Reviews research relating the cognitive style dimensions of field dependence
and reflective cognitive style. Also looks at the learning environment. Padilla, A. M., Chen, S. A., Lindhom, K. J., Duran, R., Hakuta, K., Lambert,
W., & Tucker, G. R. (1991). The English only movement: Myths, reality and
implications for psychology. American Psychologist, 2, 120-130. Reviews the arguments for and against the English-only movement. Some of the
misconceptions advanced by English-only advocates are examined. Stephen, C. (1986). Habla Ingles: The effects of language translation on simulated
juror decisions. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 16(7), 577-589.
Conducted two studies in which 153 college students acting as simulated jurors
heard the testimony (presented in English, Spanish, Thai-interpreted) of a defendant
in an assault case. Trimble, J. E. (1990). Application of psychological knowledge for American
Indians and Alaska Natives. Journal of Training and Practice in Progressional
Psychology, 4(1), 45-63. Discusses Native American and Alaska Native mental health and alcohol and drug
abuse, and training of Native American psychologists in the context of the discipline
of psychology. See, also: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: Aune, E. (1991). Nelson, J. R., Dodd, J. M., & Smith, D. J. (1990). PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY: Cole, M., Gay, J., Glick, J., & Sharp, D. (1971). SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Marini, I. (1996). Berzon, B., & Leighton, R. (Eds.). (1979/1984). Positively gay. Millbrae,
CA: Celestial Arts. The first, and still one of the best, introductions to a wide variety of issues
in lesbian and gay life. Chapters cover such topics as coming out, relationships
and couples, parenting, religious issues, aging, political issues, vocational
and financial planning, and lesbian/gay communities. Very readable and accessible. Bolte, B. (1993, March/April). Where's our Malcolm X? The Disability Rag,
21 - 24. This article addresses the lack of leadership and positive role models for
persons in the disability community. Griffen, C. W., Wirth, M. J., & Wirth, A. G. (1986). Beyond acceptance:
Parents of lesbians and gays talk about their experiences. Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Prentice Hall. This book is written by and for parents of lesbians and gay men, and contains
frank discussions of some of the issues faced by parents when they learn their
children are lesbian/gay. Chapters cover topics such as coming to terms with guilt,
overcoming restrictive religious ideologies, telling others, and relating to lesbian/gay
children affirmatively. Also contains an extensive bibliography and list of helpful
organizations. Book can be useful in discussions of coming out and family relationships.
Hershey, L. (1991, July/August). Pride. The Disability Rag, 1 - 5. This article discusses the notion of pride among persons with disabilities.
This paper notes that since most discussions of disability are negative, it is
often difficult for persons with disabilities to embrace and acknowledge pride
in their disability status. Linton, S. (1998). Claiming disability: Knowledge and identity. New
York University Press: New York. This book, written by a well-known psychologist with a disability, speaks to
the disability experience from a socio-political perspective. This work specifically
addresses academic views of disability. National Association of the Deaf. (1981). Deaf Heritage: A narrative history
of deaf America. Silver Spring, MD. This book focuses upon deaf culture throughout American history. Robertson, B. A. (1994, Spring). Disability culture, community, and pride.
Paper presented at the Leadership Education to Empower Disabled Students Conference.
Minneapolis, Minnesota. This paper examines the social and political experiences of disability through
exploring the culture community, and pride of persons with disabilities. This
article takes a social psychological perspective of disability and explores the
unifying positive experiences of disabled persons unifying as a community. See, also: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: Brown, L. S. (1989). Committee on Lesbian and Gay Concerns. (In press). Watts, R. J. (1992). DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: D'Augelli, A. R., & Patterson, C. J. (Eds.). (1995). Gay and Lesbian Parents Coalition International. (Current year). Gill, C. (1993, August ). HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY: Rosen, S. L. (1985, Fall). RESEARCH AND MEASUREMENT IN PSYCHOLOGY: Oliver, M. (1992). SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: Bilken, D., & Knoll, J. (1987). Committee on Lesbian and Gay Concerns. (1991). Fine, M., & Asch, A. (1988). Gill, C. (1995, July). Morris, J. (1991). Nagler, M. (1990). Peters, A. (1985, Fall). Vash, C. (1981). American Psychological Association. (1995). Lesbian and gay parenting: A
resource for psychologists. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Contains an excellent summary of research findings on lesbian and gay parents
and their children, as well as a very detailed annotated bibliography on the topic
(i.e., contains full abstracts of research studies and detailed descriptions of
books). Very useful for teachers (and students) who want a brief but comprehensive
education on issues of lesbian/gay parenting. D'Augelli, A. R., & Patterson, C. J. (Eds.). (1995). Lesbian, gay, and
bisexual identities over the lifespan: Psychological perspectives. New York,
NY: Oxford University Press. This book contains 15 chapters that cover the full range of developmental issues
for lesbian, gay, and bisexual people. Chapters include multicultural issues,
biological and social constructionist views of development, couples and families,
adolescents, mid-life, aging, and community issues. The chapter on bisexual identities
will be especially useful to those having difficulty finding material on this
topic, although bisexuality is addressed in many of the other chapters as well. Falk, P. J. (1989). Lesbian Mothers: Psychosocial assumptions in family law.
American Psychologist, 44, 941-947. This compelling work explores the relevant issues surrounding homosexuality
and motherhood. Falk describes the dominant legal premises and then presents research
from the last ten years that has evolved from such assumptions. This review provides
the reader with substantial evidence to reexamine and reject myths associated
with lesbian mothers. The legalistic writing style and completeness of the literature
review on this provocative subject matter would be a useful resource material
for discussions of homosexuality, gender roles and societal influences on the
development of stigmas. Gay and Lesbian Parents Coalition International. (Current year). A bibliography
on gays and lesbians and their families. Washington, DC: GLPCI. This organization is very active, with chapters in most states. Many chapters
have a speakers bureau and will do guest speaking for classes. Their bibliography
is very comprehensive and updated regularly, and much of it is annotated. Also
contains information regarding related organizations and community resources. Gill, C. (1993, August). Disability identity: Staying whole while straddling
two worlds. Paper presentation at the Disabled and Proud: The 1993 gathering
of college student leaders with disabilities, Minneapolis, MN. This presentation addressed the disability identity process and the manner
in which persons with disabilities come to know themselves through seeking a sense
of community with others with disabilities. Green, R., Mandel, J. B., Hotvedt, M. E., Gray, J., & Smith, L. (1986).
Lesbian mothers and their children: A comparison with solo parent heterosexual
mothers and their children. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 15, 167-184. This article reports results from a comparison study of two types of single
parent households with children ages 3-11. Their purpose was to compare children's
sexual identity development when living in a father-absent household with either
heterosexual or homosexual mothers across ten states. The groups were matched
on mother's age and race and children's sex and gender. The mothers completed
personality and sex-role inventories by mail. The children were tested with age
appropriate Weschler Scales, tests of sexual identity and family relationships,
and were interviewed. A substantial amount of qualitative information is reported
about the backgrounds of the mothers. Findings from questionnaire and interview
with the children indicated that there was no evidence for gender identity disorder
of childhood. Daughters displayed a broader range of gender-role behaviors than
sons. To some degree, the daughters of lesbian mothers were described as being
less feminine in dress, play, activity preferences and aspirations. No differences
between the groups for self-concept were reported. This valuable resource would
be particularly useful to initiate discussions of sex-roles, gender identity and
larger issues of sociopolitical climate for individuals with alternate life styles. Savin-Williams, R. C. (1990). Gay and lesbian youth: Expressions of identity.
New York, NY: Hemisphere. A good overview of issues facing youth, based on research as well as personal
stories. Especially useful for secondary and undergraduate teachers, who are working
with this age group. Stevenson, H. W., & Lee, S. (1990). Contexts of achievement: A study of
American, Chinese, and Japanese children. Monographs of the Society for Research
in Child Development, 55(1-2), 1-23. One of the largest and fastest growing ethnic populations in the United States
is that of diverse Asian groups. Stevenson and Lee's primary interest was in determining
which differences between American, Japanese, and Taiwanese students and parents
had a corollary with the Asian children's higher scores on culturally free achievement
tests. However, their monograph also provides useful insight to clinicians, in
that respondent parents provided a variety of demographic information which includes
their attitudes toward education, study habits, beliefs about effort and ability,
and their abilities to understand aspects of their own child's performance, motivation,
and personality. Additionally, the mothers were probed as to what constituted
satisfactory performance, what was their role correspondent to teachers, and how
were educational problems to be handled. See, also: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: Bronstein, P. A., & Quina, K. (1988). COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY: Griffen, C. W., Wirth, M. J., & Wirth, A. G. (1986). PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING: Baltes, P. B., & Graf, P. (1996). Craik, F. I., & Salthouse, T. A. (Eds.). (1992). Grambs, J. D. (1989). Schaie, K. W. (1993). PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY: Rozin, P., & Fallon, A. E. (1987). DIVERSITY ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGY APA Official Publication of Division 45. (1992, July). Chronology of Japanese
American history. Focus, 6(2), 10. This publication provides a historical account of Japanese Americans from 1868-1946.
Brief but specific details outline a comprehensive review of Japanese Americans
events in chronological order. Burlew, K.A., McAdoo, D.A., & Azibo, D.A. (1992). African-American psychology:
Theory, research, and practice. Newbury Park, CA: SAGE. This book is recognized as the first major study to sample a truly representative
cross-section of Blacks in America. Originating in the National Survey of Black
Americans (NSBA), contributors discuss specific methodological approaches and
measurement techniques used to collect data for this survey. Special attention
is paid to cultural influences, and findings from this survey cover the areas
of theory, research, and practice, as they are related to African-Americans. Topics
include relationships with family and friends, community life, religion, work,
racial identity, political attitudes and participation, and physical and mental
health. The 28 chapters are accordingly divided into the following 5 sections:
(1) theory, research, and practice, (2) African-American families, (3) African-American
children, (4) cognitive measurement issues, and (5) differential approaches in
psychology. Comas-Diàz, L. (1992). The future of psychotherapy with ethnic minorities.
Psychotherapy, 29, 88-94. Integration and pluralism are proposed as immediate and distant changes in
psychotherapy with ethnic minorities that will transform the practice of general
psychotherapy. Evans, B.J. & Whitfield, J.R. (Eds.). (1988). Black Males in the United
States: An Annotated Bibliography from 1967 to 1987. Washington, DC: American Psychological
Association. This annotated bibliography on the 1988 status of Black males in America will
guide the reader through a substantial body of the empirical literature focusing
on the Black male. The editors hope that this bibliography will stimulate research
activity focused on the critical and pressing issues that affect Black males and
help focus attention on these areas as important research, application, and public
policy concerns for psychology. They urge researchers to use methodological issues
that are sensitive to the ethnic, racial, gender, and cultural context in which
human subjects live and to which they adapt. Friedman, E. G., Kolmar, W. K., Flint, C. B., & Rothenberg, P. (Eds.) (1996).
Creating an inclusive college curriculum: A teaching sourcebook from the New
Jersey project. Teacher College Press: New York. This book stems from a hands-on project from urban and inter-city teachers.
It offers various ideas for transforming academic curriculum to increase relevancy
to current societal conditions by addressing issues such as gender, race, class,
and sexuality. Edited chapters offer poignant examples for specific psychology
classes and topics include Introductory Psychology, Psychology of Women, Feminist
Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Social Analysis of Difference, Psycho-analytic
Theory and Human Sexuality. Example syllabi are provided as well as exercises
and additional reference lists to supplement recommended textbooks. Issues of
pedagogy are examined to help better prepare teachers for incorporating issues
of diversity into the classroom. Goodchilds, J.D. (Ed.) (1991). Psychological perspectives on human diversity
in America. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. In its history of some 100 years, psychology has moved gradually forward to
acknowledge and to investigate a more inclusive view of the diversity of individual
and interpersonal human behavior. This book argues that race, ethnicity, gender,
and sexual orientation are dimensions (not categories) of the human experience.
Diversity issues such as these have elicited fear, moral indignation, and doubt
among people in their daily lives. Conflicts arising over different value systems
must be solved effectively, by utilizing divergent thinking techniques in order
to redefine issues in innovative ways. The editor suggests that societal relationships
are greatly affected by this lack of knowledge, thus further complicating sensitive
issues. In these pages, five respected psychologists examine four of the dimensions
of human experience: race, ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation. James Jones
gives the reader a historical perspective of psychological models of race and
indicts the bias that has attended much of psychology's history. Stanley Sue pointedly
addresses his discussion of the broad concept of ethnicity to psychologists interested
in integrating ethnic minority issues into their teaching, research, and clinical
practice. In discussing the "mismeasure of woman" in gender studies, Carol Tavris
argues that the "paradox of gender" - the persistent belief that men and women
differ in important qualities in spite of the failings of research to settle on
what these qualities are - is the result of the continual use of the male as the
norm and of the specific behaviors, skills, and qualities that are studied. In
the first jointly presented master lecture, Linda Garnets and Douglas Kimmel discuss
what sexual orientation is relevant to psychology's understanding of people generally,
how lesbians and gay men differ from each other, and how the development of gay
and lesbian identities is important in a multicultural society. Hall, C.C.I., Evans, B.J. & Selice, S. (Eds.). (1989). Black females
in the Unites States: A bibliography from 1967 to 1987. Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association. In 1989, psychological research had only recently begun to focus on the individual
psychological attributes of Blacks in general and Black women in particular. From
the mid-1920s through the 1960s, psychological research tended to focus on racial
differences in such areas as child-rearing practices, moral development, social
attitudes and so forth. Black women were often utilized in research to serve as
a comparison group for White women on selected psychological dimensions or they
served as subjects in narrowly focused research protocols. By the 1970s and 1980s,
psychological research shifted away from the problems experienced by Black women
and towards the positive aspects of Black women within a pluralistic society.
Black women are uniquely situated to provide researchers with new perspectives
on various psychological dimensions. This annotated bibliography on the 1989 status
of Black females in America will guide the reader through a substantial body of
empirical literature focusing on the Black woman. Various issues include mental
health, sexuality, health, and violence. This bibliography is intended to call
attention to the use of proper operational procedures in research and to practitioners
as they provide mental health services to Black women. Harvey, C. & Allard, M. J., (1995). Understanding diversity: Readings,
cases, and exercises. HarperCollins College Publishers: New York. This book provides diversity readings, cases, exercises, and an instructor's
manual, geared towards today's diverse workforce. It is designed as a teaching
tool for students of industrial and organizational psychology. Multiple workforce
settings and cultural perspectives are provided to help readers become aware of
the various aspects and viewpoints of diversity issues which face employers. Areas
include diversity models, cultural change, managing organizational change, affirmative
action, and social, legal, and economic developments. While this book is marketed
for teachers and students of industrial and organizational psychology, application
of exercises can be extended to lectures such as Introduction to Psychology, Diversity
Issues, Psychology of Women, and Disabilities. Jones, R. J. (1991). Black Psychology. Cobb & Henry: Berkeley, CA. Black psychologists speak for themselves and the Black community as they examine
key elements of Black culture. Intelligence, personality development, and family
functioning are representative topics presented in this volume by leading Black
psychologists. Of special interest for Black women are works exploring philosophy,
assessment, family functioning, counseling and professionalism. Papers ranging
from philosophical to empirical, reveal truths and queries about Black behavior
and the application of psychology in the community. Works by Brenda Allen, Linda
James Myers, and Wanda Ward, are especially significant as writers attempt to
explain the psychological state of Blacks within an environmental context, which
creates and reinforces them. The volume is useful for educators and clinicians
as revealed by Black social and behavioral scientists. Keita, G. P., & Peterson, A.C.O., (Eds). (1996). Blacks in the United
States: Abstracts of the psychological and behavioral literature, 1987-1995.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. This reference updates two earlier PsychINFO bibliographies (1967-87),
on Black males and Black females. The book is comprised of 4 primary sections:
1) selected annotated references, 2) selected citations to other relevant journal
articles, 3) citations to dissertation literature, and 4) selected references
to books/book chapters. References and citations listed within each of these sections
are subcategorized by content area or domain of psychology (e.g., developmental,
educational, forensic). Leong, F.T.L., & Whitfield, J.R. (1992). Asians in the United States:
Abstracts of the psychological and behavioral literature, 1967-1991. Washington,
DC: American Psychological Association. Asian Americans are not a homogeneous group. They represent people from
China, India, Japan, Korea, Pakistan in addition to many others. The common psychological
problem faced by most Asian Americans has been their adjustment into American
society. However, some Asian Americans have made a smooth transition into American
life. This poses a problem because psychologists sometimes view the latter group
as the "model minority" and neglect accounting for the troubled Asian Americans
who do not assimilate as well. This annotated bibliography provides scientific
information on psychological concerns of Asian Americans in the U.S. and focuses
on the psychological and behavioral aspects of some Asian ethnic groups. Lopez, G. E., Saler, R. E., & Jenkins, S. M. (1991). Teaching people:
Multicultural education in psychology. Paper presented at the 99th Annual
Convention of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA. This is an excellent resource of descriptions of subject matter, language and
classroom structure ideas to use in the design of a multiculturally aware course.
Several of the references from the reference list are annotated in other sections
of this document. Marin, G., Kennedy, S., & Boyce, B. C. (1987). Latin American Psychology:
A guide to research and training. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Latin American psychology is often overlooked by U.S. psychologists. It is
for this reason that this guide was created. This guide serves to connect American
psychologists with a host of contacts and programs throughout Latin America in
order to recognize and utilize developments in the traditional areas as well as
in community, health, environmental, and social psychology. It should also facilitate
the access to information by providing names, addresses, and phone numbers of
Latin American psychologists and universities. Matsumoto, D. (1998, May-June). Culture, emotion, and the teaching of psychology.
Psychology Teacher Network, 2-8. This article discusses the scientific philosophy of cross-cultural psychology.
It is important to understand and teach students that the research process is
biased by many factors. The author addresses the role of cross-cultural psychology
in rethinking our psychological models, theories, findings, and understanding
of people. Using cross-cultural studies on facial expressions, this article offers
valuable information to help students apply this scientific philosophy for understanding
emotions and the relativity of truth. Olmedo, E.L., & Walker, V.R. (Eds.). (1990). Hispanics in the United
States: Abstracts of the psychological and behavioral literature, 1980-1989.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. As one of the largest minority groups, Hispanics have gained political and
cultural force in the U.S. Despite their rise in population, Hispanics are experiencing
various social and cultural problems. Studies indicate high incidences of substance
abuse and mental illness among Hispanics. This leaves them in need of social services.
However, with insensitive treatment models and other cultural gaps, Hispanics
remain facing a plethora of psychosocial issues. As a result, the APA has actively
participated in addressing issues of concern to ethnic minority groups such as
Hispanics. By opposing "English only" legislation and funding graduate fellowship
programs, the APA deals with the issues of race, culture, and ethnicity within
the context of psychology. This annotated bibliography expands the scientific
literature on Hispanics in the United States. It should help researchers, teachers,
students and practitioners in understanding the psychology of Hispanics in the
U.S. Reynolds, A. L., & Pope, R. L. (1991). The complexities of diversity: Exploring
multiple oppressions. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70, 174-180.
A brief article that discusses the intersection of sexual orientation (including
bisexuality) with race, ethnicity, class, and gender. Makes an important point
about the overlap of different kinds of diversity and the importance of considering
integrated identities. Although written for counselors, the article is easy to
understand and widely applicable. Smith, W., Burrew, K., Mosley, M., & Whiteney, W. (Eds.). (1979). Reflections
on black psychology. Washington, DC: University Press of America. At the time of this book's release, few books had been written solely about
Black psychology. Though others are available today, this book was one of the
first to devote entire sections to topics such as the Black child, Black youth,
Black elderly, and research issues. Additionally, this book examines issues affecting
Black people, such as the effect of television on the Black child and the influence
of Africa on Black psychology, that are still salient today. This book is suitable
for adoption at several levels, including high school, undergraduate and graduate,
as well as for both academicians and the general public. Suinn, R. M. (1992). Reflections on minority developments: Asian American perspective.
Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 23(1), 14-17. Reviews ethnic minority developments in professional organizations, tracing
the context of the author's personal life experiences. Asian-American issues are
shared, along with the experiences relating to minority identity and the evolution
of minority programs in the APA. Trickett, E. J., Watts, R. J., Birman, D. (Eds.) (1994). Human diversity:
Perspectives on people in context. Jossey-Bass: San Francisco. This book draws upon both differences and similarities across various groups
with a recurring theme for understanding a common cause rooted in historical,
cultural, and socio-political contexts. Leading scholars share their paradigm
and conceptual frameworks on various aspects of human diversity. Edited chapters
address a wide range of issues relevant to not only ethnic minorities, but also
gays and lesbians, the disabled, and women. By highlighting concepts including
oppression, intergroup dynamics, culture, and identity, this book provides an
appreciation and understanding of diversity. Approaches to the research process
as well as the practical/application for developing a psychology of diversity
are discussed. Trimble, J.E., & Bagwell, W. (Eds.). (1995). North American Indians
and Alaska Natives: Abstract of the psychological and behavioral literature, 1967-1994.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Although Native American Indians and Alaskan Natives possess a long
and rich history, it is their diversity that sets them apart from the norm. As
their population has decreased from in the millions at one time to only a several
hundred thousand presently, so too has their quality of life. Their hardships
are not only economically and socially based, but also involve mental and behavioral
challenges. This results in a much higher suicide rates and substance abuse problems
that are widespread among the Native American Indians and Alaskan Natives. Fortunately,
the APA has implemented and facilitated programs to promote the awareness of these
problems and assist in ameliorating behavioral and mental health problems in North
American Indian and Alaska Native communities. This annotated bibliography contains
entries from both the United States and Canada regarding the epidemiology, etiology,
and causal factors associated with common behavioral problems in this group. Uba, L. (1994). Asian-Americans: Personality patterns, identity, and mental
health. Guilford Press: New York, NY. Due to the increasing population of Asian-Americans, there is a greater
need for an in-depth understanding of the experiences of this population. This
book recognizes the different and distinct Asian-American groups (i.e., Chinese,
Japanese, Korean, etc.), and how varying historical experiences have impacted
their daily lives and current situations. In addition, this book examines the
influences of culture and effects of acculturation on the Asian-American population.
These factors affect personality development, mental health, and their utilization
of mental health services. In order for professionals to effectively serve this
population, it is necessary to understand their lifestyles and the effect it has
on their mental health . Whitten, L. A. (1993). Managing student reactions to controversial issues in
the college classroom. Transformations, Spring, 30-43. Notions about race and culture different from their own may be threatening
for some students. This article offers practical strategies to recognize and move
beyond such reactions by discussing appropriate classroom behavior, emotional
expression and interpersonal interaction. See, also: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1997, December). APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, January). APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, March). Brown, L. S. (1989). Ford, T. E., Grossman, R. W., & Jordan, E. A. (1997). Massachusetts Developmental Disabilities Council. (1990) and (1992). Schweder, R.A., & Sullivan, M. A. (1993). Whitten, L. A. (1993). ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY: King, J., Beals, J., Manson, S.M., & Trimble, J.E. (1992). Kirmayer, L. J. (1991). Kleinmare, A. (1986). LaDue, R.A. (1991). Moncher, M.S., Holden, G.W., & Trimble, J.E. (1990). Phillips, F. B. (1990). COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: Trimble, J. E. (1990). DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: American Psychological Association. (1995). Stevenson, H. W., & Lee, S. (1990). INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELING & THERAPY: Boyd-Franklin, N. (1989). Leong, F. T. L. (1986). Quintana, S. M., & Bernal, M. E. (1995). PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING: Atkinson, D. R. & Hackett, G. (Eds.). (1998). Yeo, G., & Gallaher-Thompson, D. (Eds) (1996). PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN: Almquist, E. M. (1989). DeFour, D. C., & Paludi, M. A. (1991). Madden, M. E. & Hyde, J. S. (1998, March). Timberlake, A., Cannon, L. W., Guy, R. F., & Higginbotham, E. (1991). Weber, L. (1998, March). RESEARCH AND MEASUREMENTS IN PSYCHOLOGY: Graham, S. (1992). Guthrie, R. V. (1998). Mitchell, D. T., & Snyder, S. L. (Eds.). (1997). The body and physical
differences: Discourses of disability. The University of Michigan Press: Ann
Arbor. This book contains a collection of essays that explore the range of current
disability theory and research. Rosen, S. L. (1985, Fall). Dependency. The Disability Rag, 24-26. This article focuses upon the role of dependency in the lives of persons with
disabilities. In particular, this piece addresses the misperceptions of all persons
with disabilities as dependent in addition to the reality that many individuals
with disabilities must depend upon assistance for survival. Shilts, R. (1987). And the band played on: Politics, people, and the AIDS
epidemic. New York: St. Martin's Press. Chronicles the discovery of AIDS by the Centers for Disease Control, the failure
of blood banks to take appropriate precautions, etc. Treischmann, R. B. (1980). Spinal cord injuries: Psychological, social,
and vocational adjustment. New York: Pergamon Press. This book explores adjustment to spinal cord injury on numerous levels. Specifically,
psychological factors, social factors, sexuality issues, and a review of research
examining the adjustment process presented. Wright, B. A. (1983). Physical disability: A psychosocial approach.
New York: Harper and Rowe Publishers. This book comprehensively reviews the disability experience from a psychosocial
perspective. Chapters focus upon societal attitudes and behaviors towards persons
with disabilities, differences among different types of disabilities based upon
the nature of the disability and the age in which the disability was acquired,
and environmental barriers that exist for persons with disabilities. See, also: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, February). Committee on Lesbian and Gay Concerns. (In Press). PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING: Friend, R. A. (1991). Schaie, K. W. (1993). PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN: Krotoski, D. M., Nosek, M. A., & Turk, M. A. (1996). INTRODUCTION
TO COUNSELING & THERAPY Blauner, B. (Ed.) (1997). Our mother's spirit: The death of mothers and
the grief of men. HarperCollins: New York. This book provides reflections of male childhood experiences with their
mothers. A realistic and open perspective allows us to visualize the (sometimes
painful) memories of the writers' relationships with their mothers. Personal stories
shared reflect authors with diverse ethnic backgrounds. Teachers of counseling/clinical
psychology may find this book useful when sharing bibliotherapy tools for both
male and female clients. Boyd-Franklin, N. (1989). Black families in therapy: A multi systems approach.
Guilford Press: New York, NY. This comprehensive exploration of Black families in therapy emphasizes
the utilization of cultural strengths in therapy. Dr. Boyd-Franklin highlights
the diversity among Black Afro-American families on topics ranging from racial
identification and skin color, extended family patterns, role flexibility, and
spirituality. Case examples of women and their relationships include chapters
about poor inner-city single parents, as well as middle-class Blacks. Therapists,
teachers, supervisors as well as others will benefit for the multi systems model
that provides multiple level intervention processes including individual, family,
extended family, church, community networks, and the extended family. It is especially
recommended for training programs which include ethnicity, culture, and the treatment
of Black families in their curriculum. Fassinger, R. E. (Ed.). (1991). Counseling lesbian women and gay men. The
Counseling Psychologist, 19 (Special issue). Geared toward counselors and other mental health professionals, this journal
issue contains four major articles related to general counseling issues, unique
counseling issues pertaining to lesbians and gay men, and training considerations.
It can be useful in doctoral courses or advanced undergraduate courses in counseling.
Garnets, L., Hancock, K. A., Cochran, S. D., Goodchilds, J., & Peplau,
L. A. (1991). Issues in psychotherapy with lesbians and gay men: A survey of psychologists.
American Psychologist, 46, 964-972. An article that summarizes the results of an APA task force report on bias
in psychotherapy with lesbians and gay men. Documents bias in such areas as basic
knowledge about lesbian/gay issues, assessment and diagnosis, intervention, and
education. Excellent resource for discussions related to abnormal psychology and
pathology, and demonstrates that psychologists are subject to the same homophobia
and heterosexism that permeate society at large. June, Lee N. (1986). Enhancing the delivery of mental health and counseling
services to Black males. Journal of Multi-Cultural Counseling & Development.
14(1), 39-45. Addresses the issue of the responsibility of agencies and providers to
create effective delivery of counseling services to Black males. Leong, F. T. L. (1986). Counseling and psychotherapy with Asian-Americans:
Review of the literature. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33, 196-206. Includes a discussion of the diagnosis and assessment on issues of symptom
expression, therapist bias, problems with the use of interpreters and problems
with the use of tests. Issues in counseling and psychotherapy--client variables,
therapist variables, and counseling process and outcome--are also considered. Quintana, S. M., & Bernal, M. E. (1995). Ethnic minority training in counseling
psychology: Comparisons with clinical psychology and proposed standards. Counseling
Psychology, 23(1), 102-121. Evaluates the status of multicultural training in 21 counseling programs approved
by the American Psychological Association and compares these programs with 104
clinical psychology programs and to existing standards and recommendations proposed
in the literature. See, also: DIVERSITY ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGY: Comas-Diàz, L. (1992). Reynolds, A. L., & Pope, R. L. (1991). Vontress, C. E. (1991). PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING: Abeles, N., Cooley, S., Deitch, I. M., Harper, M. S., Hinrichsen, G.,
Lopez, Molinari, V. A. (1997). Atkinson, D. R. & Hackett, G. (Eds). (1998). PSYCHOLOGY OF HUMAN SEXUALITY: A Selected Bibliography of Lesbian and Gay Concerns in Psychology: An Affirmative
Perspective (1990). PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN: Greene, B., & Herek, G. M. (1994). PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY Bell, A. P., Weinberg, M. S., & Hammersmith, S. K. (1982). Sexual preference:
Its development in men and women. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University
Press. This book lists the conclusions from an analysis of a data base of information
gathered using a structured interview with heterosexual and homosexual men and
women (non-clinical samples, 979 homosexual and 477 heterosexual men and women
living in the San Francisco Bay Area in 1969-70). This atheoretical work has a
chapter for major issues relevant to the development of a homosexual or a heterosexual
preference in males and females. Path analysis was conducted to determine statistically
some of the causal elements related to each issue. Although dated, this work serves
as a good source of references in this area, and the atheoretical methodological
approach provides the reader with much information. Ehrhardt, A. A., and Meyer-Bahlburg, H. F. L. (1981). Effects of prenatal sex
hormones on gender-related behavior. Science, 211, 1312-1318. This review of research discusses the effects of prenatal sex hormones on four
areas: gender identity, sex-dimorphic behaviors, sexual orientation, and cognitive
sex differences. Gender identity was found to track a person's sex of rearing
regardless of hormonal influences. Prenatal androgenization of genetic females
does have effects on sex-dimorphic behaviors, increasing energy expenditure and
decreasing parenting rehearsal (doll play). Fetal nonandrogenization of genetic
males was typically found to result in feminine patterns of sex-dimorphic behaviors.
Progesterone and estrogen were found to act as androgen antagonists, though confounding
variables cast doubt on these findings. Prenatal hormones were found NOT
to determine sexual orientation or to have demonstrated cognitive effects, though
subtle effects in each area have not been ruled out. Ellis, L., & Ames, M. A. (1987). Neurohormonal functioning and sexual orientation:
A theory of homosexuality-heterosexuality. Psychological Bulletin, 101,
233-258. This article briefly traces the history of explanations of sexual orientation,
from religious dogma to social experiences to genetic and physiological explanations,
before presenting an explanation based on prenatal hormonal and neurological determinants.
The authors discuss a number of candidates, but most importantly, point out that
genetic gender does not always coincide with gender identity. For example, 5-reductase
deficiency in genetic males produces genitals which appear female, but has no
effect on the masculinization of the brain. Individuals with this deficiency are
typically reared as females, but show a sexual orientation congruent with their
genetic sex. The authors identify five dimensions of sexuality; genetic, genital,
nongenital morphological (breasts, muscle mass, fat distribution), neurological
(hypothalamic differences) and behavioral. This identification in combination
with examples such as the one given above effectively demonstrate the complexities
of sexual orientation, as well as the fact that there remains much we do not understand
about the causes. Krieger, D. T., & Hughes, J.C. (1980). Neuroendocrinology: The interrelationships
of the body's two major integrative systems in normal physiology and in clinical
disease. Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates, Incorporated. The breadth of coverage in this book warrants its ownership by any educator
teaching physiological psychology and related topics. Chapters are written by
primary researchers in that area. The chapter topics range from "The Hypothalamus
and Neuroendocrinology" to "Hormonal Changes in Stress and Mental Illness." The
book is a valuable resource of physiological information for lecture preparations
and supplemental reading assignments. LeVay, S. (1991). A difference in hypothalamic structure between heterosexual
and homosexual men. Science, 253, 1034-1037. The interstitial nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus (INAH) 1, 2, 3 and 4 were
measured in forty-one subjects at routine autopsies performed on individuals who
died at seven metropolitan hospitals in New York and California (18 homosexual
men, 1 bisexual, 6 heterosexual women, 16 heterosexual men). The mean ages of
the groups ranged from 38.2 to 41.2 years; twenty-six of these individuals died
of AIDS. INAH3 was found to be larger in the group of heterosexual males as compared
to heterosexual females, and, larger in size compared to the group of homosexual
males. A biological substrate of sexual orientation is therefore implied, specifically
that INAH3 is dimorphic not with sex but with sexual orientation. This is an excellent
resource for brain anatomy and sexual behavior lectures. It may serve as a prompt
to discussions about what neurotransmitters may potentially be involved, and,
potential variables that may influence the covariance between INAH3 and sexual
orientation. PSYCHOLOGY OF AGING Abeles, N., Cooley, S., Deitch, I. M., Harper, M. S., Hinrichsen, G., Lopez,
M. A., Molinari, V. A. (1997). What practitioners should know about working
with older adults. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Although oriented toward practitioners, this is included as a general reading
because it contains many excellent updated facts and summaries of vast literatures. Atkinson, D. R. & Hackett, G. (Eds.). (1998). Counseling diverse populations,
(2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. This book covers four populations of interest to practitioners: Aging, lesbian/gay/bisexual,
women, and persons with disabilities; although counseling-focused, the book contains
much useful information about the oppression of these groups, historically and
at present. Baltes, P. B., & Graf, P. (1996). Psychological aspects of aging: Facts
and frontiers. In D. Magnusson (Ed.), The lifespan development of individuals:
Behavioral, neurobiological, & psychosocial perspectives. Cambridge, England:
Cambridge University Press. This chapter discusses future research challenges of exploring the relationship
between psychological and social aspects of aging. Highlighted areas include the
history of gerontology, aging at the metatheoretical level, critical facts and
findings, and integrative perspectives. To provide a more systematic view and
exploration of aging, the authors illustrate close interconnections between biology,
behavior, and societal conditions. Birren, J.E. & Schaie, K. W. (Eds.). (1996). Handbook of the psychology
of aging (4th ed.). San Diego: Academic Press. The premier, indispensable reference on aging, with many brief but thorough
summaries of a wide variety of topics related to aging. Birren, J. E., Sloane, R. B. & Cohen, G. D. (Eds.). (1992). Handbook
of mental health and aging. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. An indispensable reference for issues related to psychopathology and mental
health in the elderly, this volume contains brief, readable summaries of a wide
variety of topics, such as mood disorders, Alzheimer's and dementia, substance
abuse, suicide, sleep disorders, and other mental health topics. Blazer, D. (1990). Emotional problems in later life. New York: Springer. An especially good source of case examples for mental health issues in old
age. Burton, L. (1993). Families and aging. Amityville, NY: Baywood. An edited volume that covers many issues related to families and aging, such
as demographics, grandparenting, caregiving, siblings, divorce, etc.; a good general
reference. Craik, F. I., & Salthouse, T. A. (Eds.). (1992). The handbook of aging
and cognition. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum. This edited book reviews the "core" topics of cognitive psychology, including
attention, memory, knowledge representation, reasoning and spatial abilities,
and language. Current research on cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
is explored as well as the area of cognitive neuroscience. By describing real-life
problems of older people, this book helps to contextualize theoretical and laboratory
studies in the field of aging and cognition. DeSpelder, L.A. & Strickland, A. L. (1992). The last dance: Encountering
death and dying (3rd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Mayfield Publishing. A popular, well-written book on death and dying that is straightforward and
accessible to undergrads; covers cultural differences in dealing with death, so
may be useful in discussions about diversity in aging. Friend, R. A. (1991). Older lesbian and gay people: A theory of successful
aging. Journal of Homosexuality, 20(3-4), 99-118. Although a summary of this work is contained in several of the other publications
listed that cover issues of aging, it is worth noting again. It contains one of
the few clear statements of the adaptive advantages of lesbian and gay people
in regard to stress, coping, and life transitions. This article discusses aspects
of the "coming out" processes that are thought to prepare L/G/B people quite well
for the challenges of aging (e.g., flexible gender roles, capacity to build support
systems, practice in protecting oneself from prejudice and discrimination, etc.);
an interesting way to have students begin to explore diversity issues in development
and aging. Gatz, M. (Ed.). (1995). Emerging issues in mental health and aging.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. A good book for more thorough coverage of topics related to aging than might
be found in handbooks, encyclopedias, and other compendia. Gergen, M. M. (1990). Finished at 40: Women's development within the patriarchy.
Psychology of Women Quarterly, 14, 471-493. An excellent discussion of the interaction among sex, gender, and aging;
a good resource in teaching about diversity in aging, as well as cultural influences
on development in old age. Grambs, J.D. (1989). Women over forty: Visions and realities. New York:
Springer. A very readable book on aging in women, with information from a variety of
disciplines (e.g., psychology, sociology, anthropology, etc.) Hayslip, B. Jr., Servaty, H. L., & Ward, A. S. (1995). Psychology of
aging: An annotated bibliography. Westport, CT: Greenwood. An excellent, thorough bibliography current through 1994, with a few 1995 entries. Kimmel, D.C. & Moody, H.R. (1990). Ethical issues in gerontological research
and services. Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 490-502). New York
Academic Press. Written at an introductory level, this article summarizes ethical considerations
in research and service delivery; it would be an excellent way to introduce students
to ageism in research. McIntosh, J. L., Santos, J. F.,, Hubbard, R. W. & Overholser, J.C. (1994).
Elder suicide: Research,theory, and treatment. Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association. A good, thorough resource regarding suicide in the elderly, including risk
factors, assessment, and ethical issues. Schaie, K. W. (1993). The Seattle longitudinal studies of adult intelligence.
Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2(6), 171-175. This article draws upon data from 5,000 subjects studied from 1956 through
1991. Selected psychometric abilities are examined to demonstrate the presence
or absence of age-related changes. Changes in intellectual abilities with age
are discussed according to primary mental abilities (e.g., active or fluid abilities,
passive or crystallized abilities, etc.). Findings indicate that many problems
associated with aging are preventable, related to loss of control, boredom, etc.
and recommends an intellectually stimulating environment as a preventive measure.
The article concludes by highlighting generational differences and issues of family
similarity on patterns of aging. Schaie, K. W. (1993). Ageist language in psychological research. American
Psychologist, 48, 49-51 Outlines problems of using ageist language and concepts in research, and provides
suggested alternatives; a very good tool for consciousness-raising, and a good
companion to similar American Psychologist articles on sexist, racist,
and heterosexist language use. Yeo, G., & Gallaher-Thompson, D. (Eds) (1996). Ethnicity and the dementias.
Taylor & Francis: Washington, DC. This book discusses the impact of ethnicity and culture on dementing disorders
and the challenges facing clinicians in providing appropriate assessments with
ethnic minorities. Research suggests that culture and ethnic identification interact
with biological changes associated with dementing disorders. This book acts as
a useful resource for looking at dementias from a multi-cultural perspective.
Specific strategies are provided to help patients and their families cope with
dementias. Future implications regarding ethnic minorities and dementing disorders
include planning to increase the availability of culturally competent services. See, also: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate
Levels of Education in Psychology. (1998, August). PSYCHOLOGY OF HUMAN SEXUALITY Committee of Lesbian and Gay Concerns. (1990): A Selected Bibliography
of Lesbian and Gay Concerns in Psychology: An Affirmative Perspective. Washington,
DC: American Psychological Association. Topics that categorize the references are the following: General reading, Lesbian
and gay identity, Lesbian and Gay Development, Crucial Issues in Adaptation, Psychotherapy
and Counseling and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and HIV disease.
For copies of publications or for further information, write the Committee on
Lesbian and Gay Concerns. American Psychological Association, 1200 Seventeenth
Street, N.W., Washington, DC, 20036. Croteau, J., & Bieschke, K. (Eds.). (1996). Vocational issues Of lesbian
women and gay men. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48 (Special Issue). This issue contains many excellent articles on lesbian/gay career issues, including
articles on theory, the state of existing research, psychometric issues, and career
interventions. Individual articles could be used as course readings in specialized
topics. Diamant, L. (Ed.). (1993). Homosexual issues in the workplace. Washington,
DC: Taylor and Francis. Contains chapters on lesbians/gays in a wide variety of professions and occupations,
including education, the military, religion, etc. Also has general chapters on
discrimination in the workplace and legal issues. An excellent resource for information
regarding particular jobs or occupations. Diamant, L., & McAnulty, R. D. (Eds.) (1995). The psychology of sexual
orientation, behavior, and identity: A handbook. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. A clinically-oriented handbook that focuses on sexual development and behavior.
Includes sections on theoretical explanations of sexual orientation, sexual dysfunctions
in nonclinical populations, clinical disorders of sexual behavior and identity,
and sexual orientation and social issues, (which include chapters on cultural
diversity, religion, disability, the military, gender roles, aging, disease, and
legal issues). Most chapters present rather advanced material, but the book is
useful for those wanting to obtain a solid, scientific grounding in issues related
to sexual development, sexual behavior, and sexual pathology. Dion, K. K., & Dion, K. L. (1993). Individualistic and collectivistic perspectives
on gender and the cultural context of love and intimacy. Journal of Social
Issues, 49, 53-69. Examines the impact of individualism and collectivism on cultural perspectives
on love and close relationships by comparing two individualistic societies (the
U.S. and Canada) with three collectivist societies (China, India, and Japan).
Also considers the relationship between gender and love in individualistic and
collectivist cultures. The authors examine three propositions: (a) romantic love
is a more important basis for marriage in individualist than in collectivist cultures;
(b) psychological intimacy is more important to marital satisfaction and personal
well-being in individualistic societies than in collectivistic societies; and
(c) certain aspects of individualism can make the development of intimacy problematic.
A thought-provoking article and one that addresses an issue of interest to most
college undergraduates. Greene, B., & Herek, G. M. (1994). Lesbian and gay psychology: Theory,
research, and clinical applications. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. This in the first volume in the new book series entitled Psychological Perspectives
on Lesbian and Gay Issues, published by Division 44 of APA. The series
is designed to provide an outlet for up-to-date literature in lesbian/gay psychology.
This volume contains chapters covering a variety of issues, including some interesting
topics not covered in other books, for example: the feminist movement and sexual
orientation; boundaries in therapist-client relationships; lesbian physical appearance
and body image; measuring internalized homophobia; and children of the lesbian
baby boom. The chapters are research based and readable, and would serve as good
course readings on specific advanced topics. Strong, B., & DeVault, C. (1992). Bibliography: Marriage, Family and
Ethnicity. In instructor's manual accompanying B. Strong & Christine DeVault.
The Marriage and Family Experience. St. Paul, MN: West.* Strong, B., & DeVault, C. (1994). Ethnicity and Sexuality: A Bibliographic
Essay. Instructor's resource book for B. Strong & C. DeVault. Human sexuality.
Mountain View, CA: Mayfield.* *These bibliographies can be requested directly from
Bryan Strong, 13 North Oak Avenue, Felton, CA 95018-9003. Tucker, N. (Ed.). (1995). Bisexual politics: Theories, queries, and visions.
New York, NY: Haworth Press. Although not exclusively psychological in nature, this book is one of the newest
books out on bisexuality, and provides a good introduction to the issues. Some
of the articles contained in it would make good course readings. Woodruff, B. (1994). Including gay, lesbian, and bisexual students on campus.
Available through the Office of Teaching Resources, Department of Psychological
Science, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306. Provides an annotated short reading list on the ontogeny of human sexual orientation
and inclusivity on campus. See, also: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY: APA Task Force on Diversity Issues at the Precollege and Undergraduate Levels
of Education in Psychology. (1998, April). PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY: Bell, A. P., Weinberg, M. S., & Hammersmith, S. K. (1982). Ellis, L., & Ames, M.A. (1987). PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN: Boston Lesbian Psychologies Collective (Eds.). (1987). Rich, A. (1980). PSYCHOLOGY
OF LEARNING & MEMORY Bernal, M. E. (1991). Ethnic identity and adaptation of Mexican American youths
in school settings. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 13(2), 135-154. Reviews the research on school performance and attrition in Mexican-American
youths, emphasizing the manner in which their socialization as ethnic minority
group members affects their psychological adaptation in schools. Cole, M., Gay, J., Glick, J., & Sharp, D. (1971). The cultural context
of learning and thinking. New York: Basic Books. Examines the relation between culture and cognitive development among the members
of the Knelle tribal group in Western Africa. Rozin, P., & Fallon, A. E. (1987). A perspective on disgust. Psychological
Review, 94, 23-41. The article offers a review of how the emotion, disgust, is learned and generalized.
The authors contend that disgust is an emotion acquired through Pavlovian conditioning
as from interactions with objects deemed disgusting in one's culture. The authors
identify five theoretical perspectives to the development of disgust, including
"animalness," spoilage, distance from humans, taboo objects, and the primary disgust
object, feces. The authors offer a variety of illustrations from developmental
research and different cultures to support their key ideas. They also explore
specific examples of disgust as weakening in certain contexts (e.g., mothers being
less disgusted by the feces of their own children). The authors do not extend
disgust beyond physiological concerns into disgust as the basis for stereotyped
beliefs about others. Finally, the authors recommended disgust as a relatively
easy emotion to research. See, also: COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: Berlin, B., & Kay, P. (1969). Boykin, A. W., & Allen, B. A. (1991). Goldstein, K. M., & Blackman, S. (1978). PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING & INSTRUCTION: Aune, E. (1991). Bruck, M. (1987). Azibo, D. A. (1990). Treatment and training implications of the advances in
African personality theory. The Western Journal of Black Studies, 14, 53-65. The author presents the view that the African personality should be conceptualized
as distinct. The "Black" identity literature can be developed further once this
is accepted. Several instances of sociopolitical enslavement resulting from the
use of a Eurocentric view point are presented along with evidence for their validity.
Incidents that discredit the Black culture and history as legitimate are given--mainly
in terms of psychiatric misdiagnoses. Azibo lists training implications for non-Africans
and African psychological workers. Azibo, D. A. (1991). Towards a metatheory of the African personality. The
Journal of Black Psychology, 17, 37-45. The author presents the issue of an African personality from a biogenetic point
of view. In doing this, he points out the advanced level (i.e. Metatheory) of
conceptualization of being Black based on their diverse social existence. The
process and criteria of theory formulation are also presented in this article. Enns, C. Z. (1989). Toward teaching inclusive personality theories. Teaching
of Psychology, 16, 111-117. A good place for the novice to start. Enns provides a pedagogical rationale
for incorporating non-traditional content into undergraduate personality course. Wilson, M. L. (1984). Female homosexuals' need for dominance and endurance.
Psychological Reports, 55, 79-82. This article describes an investigation of personality types between hetero
and homosexual females. It is dated and seems to have been designed to address
a paucity of psychological theories to describe sexual orientations. The premise
of this study was to find a profile pattern for an extremely diverse group. Despite
this antiquated idea, some of the findings reported in the article are of merit
to the Psychology Educator. First, pathonomic indicators on the Edward's Personal
Preference Indicator were found for either group, and the group of homosexual
females had profiles with elevations of the Dominance and Endurance needs typically
found in males. Discussions of personality measures, utility of personality measures,
research findings and socio-political implications of alternate life styles could
be prompted with this reading source. Almquist, E. M. (1989). The experiences of minority women in the United States:
Intersections of race, gender, and class. In Freeman, J. (Ed.), 4TH
edition, Women: A feminist perspective. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Publishing. By examining the various minority groups within the United States, this chapter
informs the reader of the diverse experiences between and among minority women.
The chapter establishes an historical perspective of Native American, Cuban, Puerto
Rican, Mexican-American, African-American and Asian-American Women in the United
States. Experiences of oppression and discrimination are examined along with information
which outlines unique characteristics of these minority women such as geographic
locale, labor force participation, educational patterns, family income, poverty
levels, and cumulative fertility. Dual identity issues and gender inequality are
also addressed. Utilizing empirical research and census data, coupled with personal
accounts from women of color, this chapter provides a good background and overview
for both teachers and students of psychology interested in broadening their knowledge
of ethnically diverse women living in the United States. APA Task Force on Representation in the Curriculum of the Division of Psychology
of Women. (1995, May). Including diverse women in the undergraduate curriculum:
Reasons and resources. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
The field of psychology has an inherent responsibility to provide accurate
information that is relevant and representative to the general population. This
booklet discusses the historical exclusion of women and minorities in published
literature, thereby not meeting the needs of the population. The lack of relevant
resources has limited the undergraduate teaching curriculum regarding diversity
issues, which inevitably influences our society as a whole. Suggestions and resources
regarding material to utilize/incorporate into undergraduate curriculum are provided. Boston Lesbian Psychologies Collective (Eds.). (1987). Lesbian psychologies:
Explorations and challenges. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. One of the best resources available on lesbians and psychology. Covers a variety
of issues related to lesbian life (e.g., sexuality, bisexuality, relationships,
community, political issues, etc.), and is very readable. Many of the articles
could be used as course readings. DeFour, D. C., & Paludi, M. A. (1991). Integrating scholarship on ethnicity
into the psychology of women course. Teaching of Psychology, 18, 85-90. For practical ideas and pedagogical approaches to enhance any psychology of
women course, this article offers a structure for incorporating issues on women
of color. Utilizing a thematic approach to the study of women, readers are provided
with related references, audiovisual materials, popular literature and experiential
exercises. The article offers information relevant to ethnically diverse women
when dealing with androcentric bias, social changes to end discrimination and
value-laden references which may legitimize negative stereotypes. A discussion
of the reference "women of color" concludes this valuable article. Garner, D. M., Garfinkel, P. E., Schwartz, D., & Thompson, M. (1980). Cultural
expectation of thinness in women. Psychological Reports, 47, 483-491. This classic article represents an important source of information about the
influence of cultural and societal standards on a body image, particularly in
females. The methodology is sound and would serve as a guideline for scaled down
student projects in this area. This work could provide background for discussions
of eating disorders, dieting behaviors and the influence of societal factors on
the development of body image. Krotoski, D. M., Nosek, M. A., & Turk, M. A. (1996). Women
with physical disabilities: Achieving and maintaining health and well-being.
Baltimore: Paul H. Brooks Publishing Co. This book contains a collection of essays that explore issues
affecting women with disabilities across their life span. Topics covered include:
Sexuality and reproductive health, stress and well-being, bladder and bowel function,
and physical fitness and well-being. Disability topics are interpreted through
a cultural lens that helps the reader understand these experiences via a disability
community-oriented perspective. Madden, M. E. & Hyde, J. S. (1998, March). Integrating
gender and ethnicity into psychology courses. Psychology of Women Quarterly,
22 (1), 1-34. This article emphasizes the importance of "inclusiveness" in
the psychology curriculum. Historically, psychology research has been comparative
and evaluative, which has created a reluctance to study or teach areas of diversity.
Although some issues may be difficult to discuss in the classroom, the authors
suggest inclusiveness promotes tolerance and understanding of differences. Authors
emphasize the importance of helping students learn to value differences as well
as understand the factors and processes which create these differences. Matthews, G. F. (1983). Voices from the shadows: Women with
disabilities speak out. Toronto: Women's Educational Press. This book includes women with disabilities discussing their personal and social
lives. Issues focused upon include: professional identity, relationship formation,
sexuality, and parenting. Rich, A. (1980). Compulsory heterosexuality and lesbian existence. Signs,
5, 631-660. A classic in lesbian studies, this essay documents the effects of heterosexism
on lesbian lives. Also weaves together sexism and heterosexism, so is a good resource
on the complexity of multiple oppressions. Timberlake, A., Cannon, L. W., Guy, R. F., & | ||||||||||||||||||||||