Journal of Educational Psychology^®

The main purpose of the Journal of Educational Psychology^® is to publish original, primary psychological research pertaining to education across all ages and educational levels. A secondary purpose of the Journal is the occasional publication of exceptionally important theoretical and review articles that are pertinent to educational psychology. Please note, the Journal does not typically publish reliability and validity studies of specific tests or assessment instruments.

Disclaimer: APA and the Editors of Journal of Educational Psychology assume no responsibility for statements and opinions advanced by the authors of its articles

Editor

Steve Graham
Arizona State University

Associate Editors

Lee Branum-Martin
Georgia State University

Eric Dearing
Boston College

Jill Fitzgerald
The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Panayiota Kendeou
University of Minnesota

Young-Suk Kim
University of California Irvine

Beth Kurtz-Costes
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Kristie J. Newton
Temple University

Daniel H. Robinson
Colorado State University

Cary J. Roseth
Michigan State University

Tanya Santangelo
Arcadia University

Malte Schwinger
Philipps-University Marburg

Regina Vollmeyer
Frankfort University

Kay Wijekumer
Texas A & M University

Li-fang Zhang
University of Hong Kong

Consulting Editors

Olusola O. Adesope
Washington State University, Pullman

Patricia A. Alexander
University of Maryland

Rui A. Alves
University of Porto, FPCE

Eric M. Anderman
The Ohio State University

David Aparisi
University of Alicante

Patricia T. Ashton
University of Florida

Shannon R. Audley
Smith College

Christina Areizaga Barbieri
University of Delaware

Roderick W. Barron
University of Guelph

Sarit Barzilai
University of Haifa

David A. Bergin
University of Missouri

Matthew L. Bernacki
University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Ryan P. Bowles
Michigan State University

Michelle M. Buehl
George Mason University

Matthew K. Burns
University of Missouri

Adriana G. Bus
VU University Amsterdam

Kirsten R. Butcher
University of Utah

Fabrizio Butera
University of Lausanne

Clark A. Chinn
Rutgers University

Jason Chow
Virginia Commonwealth University

Pierre Cormier
Université de Moncton

Dewey G. Cornell
University of Virginia

Jennifer G. Cromley
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign

Samantha Daley
University of Rochester

Oliver Dickhäuser
University of Mannheim

Amy Elleman
Middle Tennessee State University

Andrew J. Elliot
University of Rochester

Carol Evans
University of Southampton

Ralph P. Ferretti
University of Delaware

Sara J. Finney
James Madison University

Evan J. Fishman
EchoUser Research and Design Firm

Brett P. Foley
Alpine Testing Solutions

Barbara R. Foorman
Florida State University

Jan C. Frijters
Brock University

Lynn S. Fuchs
Vanderbilt University

Emily R. Fyfe
Indiana University

David Galbraith
University of Southampton

Colleen M. Ganley
Florida State University

Elisabeth Gee
Arizona State University

George Georgiou
University of Alberta

Michele Gregoire Gill
University of Central Florida

Amy Gillespie Rouse
Southern Methodist University

Amanda Goodwin
Vanderbilt University

Arthur Graesser
University of Memphis

DeLeon L. Gray
North Carolina State University

Jeffrey Alan Greene
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

John T. Guthrie
University of Maryland College Park

Antonio P. Gutierrez de Blume
Georgia Southern University

Peter F. Halpin
The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Karen R. Harris
Arizona State University

Sara Hart
Florida State University

John A.C. Hattie
University of Melbourne

Michael A. Hebert
University of Nebraska–Lincoln

Paul R. Hernandez
West Virginia University

Marco G.P. Hessels
University of Geneva

Sven Hilbert
Universität Regensburg

Flaviu Adrian Hodis
Victoria University of Wellington

Mina Johnson-Glenberg
Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen

Nancy C. Jordan
University of Delaware

R. Malatesha Joshi
Texas A & M University

Avi Kaplan
Temple University

CarolAnne Kardash
University of Nevada Las Vegas

Andrew Katayama
United States Air Force Academy

Devin M. Kearns
University of Connecticut

Kenneth A. Kiewra
University of Nebraska

John R. Kirby
Queen's University

Noona Kiuru
University of Jyväskylä, Finland

Robert M. Klassen
University of York

Thilo Kleickmann
Kiel University

Uta Klusmann
University of Kiel

Ken Koedinger
Carnegie Mellon University

Terri L. Kurz
Arizona State University

Nicole Landi
University of Connecticut

Pui-Wa Lei
Pennsylvania State University

Hongli Li
Georgia State University

Teresa Limpo
University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Lisa Linnenbrink-Garcia
Michigan State University

xiaodong Lin-Siegler
Columbia University

Min Liu
University of Hawaii at Manoa

Robert F. Lorch, Jr.
University of Kentucky

Charles MacArthur
University of Delaware

Joseph P. Magliano
Northern Illinois University

Gwen C. Marchand
University of Nevada Las Vegas

Scott Marley
Arizona State University

Jacob M. Marszalekj
University of Missouri–Kansas City

Andrew J. Martin
University of New South Wales, Australia

Richard E. Mayer
University of California, Santa Barbara

Matthew T. McCrudden
Victoria University of Wellington

Kristen L. McMaster
University of Minnesota

Nicole M. McNeil
University of Notre Dame

David E. Most
Colorado State University

Krista R. Muis
McGill University

P. Karen Murphy
Penn State

Benjamin Nagengast
University of Tübingen

John Nietfeld
North Carolina State University

Nikos Ntoumanis
Curtin University

E. Michael Nussbaum
University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Paula Mary Olszewski-Kubilius
Northwestern University

Tenaha P. O'Reilly
Educational Testing Service

Fred Paas
Erasmus University Rotterdam and University of Wollongong

Erika A. Patall
University of Southern California

Reinhard Pekrun
University of Munich

Harsha Perera
University of Nevada Las Vegas

Yaacov Petscher
Florida State University

Pablo Nicolai Pirnay-Dummer
Brandenburg Medical School

Isabelle Plante
Université du Québec à Montréal

David James Purpura
Purdue University

Karen E. Rambo-Hernandez
West Virginia University

Aaron S. Richmond
Metropolitan State University of Denver

Gert Rijlaarsdam
University of Amsterdam

Joseph A. Rios
University of Minnesota

Greg Roberts
University of Texas

Alysia D. Roehrig
Florida State University

Doug Rohrer
University of South Florida

Christopher A. Sanchez
Oregon State University

Katharina Scheiter
Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien

Katerina Schenke
University of California, Los Angeles

Ulrich Schiefele
University of Potsdam, Germany

Jennifer A. Schmidt
Michigan State University

Dale H. Schunk
University of North Carolina at Greensboro

Corwin Senko
State University of New York at New Paltz

Timothy Shanahan
University of Illinois at Chicago

Robert S. Siegler
Carnegie Mellon University

Gale M. Sinatra
University of Southern California

Benjamin Solomon
University at Albany

Susan Sonnenschein
University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Deborah L. Speece
Virginia Commonwealth University

Birgit Spinath
Heidelberg University

Katherine Strasser
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

H. Lee Swanson
University of California–Riverside

Keith William Thiede
Boise State University

Theresa A. Thorkikdsen
University of Illinois at Chicago

Elizabeth L. Tighe
Georgia State University

Chia-Wen Tsai
Ming Chuan University

Timothy Urdan
Santa Clara University

Ellen L. Usher
University of Kentucky

Sharon R. Vaughn
University of Texas–Austin

Eduardo Vidal-Abarca
University of Valencia

Candace Walkington
Southern Methodist University

Tanner LeBaron Wallace
University of Pittsburgh

Christopher A. Was
Kent State University

Joanna P. Williams
Teachers College Columbia University

Joshua Wilson
University of Delaware

Henrik Daae Zachrisson
University of Oslo

Friederike Zimmermann
Kiel University

Sharon Zumbrunn
Virginia Commonwealth University

Peer Review Coordinator

Cheryl Johnson
American Psychological Association

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Prior to submission, please carefully read and follow the submission guidelines detailed below. Manuscripts that do not conform to the submission guidelines may be returned without review.

Submission

To submit to the Editorial Office of Steve Graham, please submit manuscripts electronically through the Manuscript Submission Portal in Microsoft Word (.docx) or LaTex (.tex) as a zip file with an accompanied Portable Document Format (.pdf) of the manuscript file.

Submit Manuscriptwrqvbsxxdxytdffzztywazwaea

Steve Graham, EdD
Arizona State University

General correspondence may be directed to the Editor's Office.

In addition to addresses and phone numbers, please supply email addresses, as most communications will be by email. Fax numbers, if available, should also be provided for potential use by the editorial office and later by the production office.

The Journal of Educational Psychology^® is now using a software system to screen submitted content for similarity with other published content. The system compares the initial version of each submitted manuscript against a database of 40+ million scholarly documents, as well as content appearing on the open web. This allows APA to check submissions for potential overlap with material previously published in scholarly journals (e.g., lifted or republished material).

Masked Review Policy

The Journal has a masked review policy, which means that the identities of both authors and reviewers are masked. Authors should make every effort to see that the manuscript itself contains no clues to their identities.

Authors should never use first person (I, my, we, our) when referring to a study conducted by the author(s) or when doing so reveals the authors' identities, e.g., "in our previous work, Johnson et al., 1998 reported that…" Instead, references to the authors' work should be in third person, e.g., "Johnson et al. (1998) reported that…."

The authors' institutional affiliations should also be masked in the manuscript.

Include the title of the manuscript along with all authors' names and institutional affiliations in the cover letter. The first page of the manuscript should omit the authors' names and affiliations, but should include the title of the manuscript and the date it is submitted.

Responsibility for masking the manuscript rests with the authors; manuscripts will be returned to the author if not appropriately masked. If the manuscript is accepted, authors will be asked to make changes in wording so that the paper is no longer masked.

If your manuscript was mask reviewed, please ensure that the final version for production includes a byline and full author note for typesetting.

Manuscript Guidelines

Adequate description of participants is critical to the science and practice of educational psychology; this allows readers to assess the results, determine generalizability of findings, and make comparisons in replications, extensions, literature reviews, or secondary data analyses. Authors should see guidelines for sample/subject description in the Publication Manual.

Appropriate indexes of effect size or strength of relationship should be incorporated in the results section of the manuscript (see p. 34 of the Manual). Information that allows the reader to assess not only the significance but also the magnitude of the observed effects or relationships clarifies the importance of the findings.

Manuscript Preparation

Prepare manuscripts according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6^th edition). Manuscripts may be copyedited for bias-free language (see Chapter 3 of the Publication Manual).

Double-space all copy. Other formatting instructions, as well as instructions on preparing tables, figures, references, metrics, and abstracts, appear in the Manual. Additional guidance on APA Style is available on the APA Style website.

Below are additional instructions regarding the preparation of display equations, computer code, and tables.

Display Equations

We strongly encourage you to use MathType (third-party software) or Equation Editor 3.0 (built into pre-2007 versions of Word) to construct your equations, rather than the equation support that is built into Word 2007 and Word 2010. Equations composed with the built-in Word 2007/Word 2010 equation support are converted to low-resolution graphics when they enter the production process and must be rekeyed by the typesetter, which may introduce errors.

To construct your equations with MathType or Equation Editor 3.0:

• Go to the Text section of the Insert tab and select Object.
• Select MathType or Equation Editor 3.0 in the drop-down menu.

If you have an equation that has already been produced using Microsoft Word 2007 or 2010 and you have access to the full version of MathType 6.5 or later, you can convert this equation to MathType by clicking on MathType Insert Equation. Copy the equation from Microsoft Word and paste it into the MathType box. Verify that your equation is correct, click File, and then click Update. Your equation has now been inserted into your Word file as a MathType Equation.

Use Equation Editor 3.0 or MathType only for equations or for formulas that cannot be produced as Word text using the Times or Symbol font.

Computer Code

Because altering computer code in any way (e.g., indents, line spacing, line breaks, page breaks) during the typesetting process could alter its meaning, we treat computer code differently from the rest of your article in our production process. To that end, we request separate files for computer code.

In Online Supplemental Material

We request that runnable source code be included as supplemental material to the article. For more information, visit Supplementing Your Article With Online Material.

In the Text of the Article

If you would like to include code in the text of your published manuscript, please submit a separate file with your code exactly as you want it to appear, using Courier New font with a type size of 8 points. We will make an image of each segment of code in your article that exceeds 40 characters in length. (Shorter snippets of code that appear in text will be typeset in Courier New and run in with the rest of the text.) If an appendix contains a mix of code and explanatory text, please submit a file that contains the entire appendix, with the code keyed in 8-point Courier New.

Tables

Use Word's Insert Table function when you create tables. Using spaces or tabs in your table will create problems when the table is typeset and may result in errors.

If your manuscript was mask reviewed, please ensure that the final version for production includes a byline and full author note for typesetting.

Review APA's Journal Manuscript Preparation Guidelines before submitting your article.

Academic Writing and English Language Editing Services

Authors who feel that their manuscript may benefit from additional academic writing or language editing support prior to submission are encouraged to seek out such services at their host institutions, engage with colleagues and subject matter experts, and/or consider several vendors that offer discounts to APA authors.

Please note that APA does not endorse or take responsibility for the service providers listed. It is strictly a referral service.

Use of such service is not mandatory for publication in an APA journal. Use of one or more of these services does not guarantee selection for peer review, manuscript acceptance, or preference for publication in any APA journal.

Submitting Supplemental Materials

APA can place supplemental materials online, available via the published article in the PsycARTICLES^® database. Please see Supplementing Your Article With Online Material for more details.

Abstract and Keywords

All manuscripts must include an abstract containing a maximum of 250 words typed on a separate page. After the abstract, please supply up to five keywords or brief phrases.

References

List references in alphabetical order. Each listed reference should be cited in text, and each text citation should be listed in the References section.

Examples of basic reference formats:

• Journal Article:
  Hughes, G., Desantis, A., & Waszak, F. (2013). Mechanisms of intentional binding and sensory attenuation: The role of temporal prediction, temporal control, identity prediction, and motor prediction. Psychological Bulletin, 139, 133–151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0028566
• Authored Book:
  Rogers, T. T., & McClelland, J. L. (2004). Semantic cognition: A parallel distributed processing approach. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
• Chapter in an Edited Book:
  Gill, M. J., & Sypher, B. D. (2009). Workplace incivility and organizational trust. In P. Lutgen-Sandvik & B. D. Sypher (Eds.), Destructive organizational communication: Processes, consequences, and constructive ways of organizing (pp. 53–73). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.

Figures

Graphics files are welcome if supplied as Tiff or EPS files. Multipanel figures (i.e., figures with parts labeled a, b, c, d, etc.) should be assembled into one file.

The minimum line weight for line art is 0.5 point for optimal printing.

For more information about acceptable resolutions, fonts, sizing, and other figure issues, please see the general guidelines.

When possible, please place symbol legends below the figure instead of to the side.

APA offers authors the option to publish their figures online in color without the costs associated with print publication of color figures.

The same caption will appear on both the online (color) and print (black and white) versions. To ensure that the figure can be understood in both formats, authors should add alternative wording (e.g., "the red (dark gray) bars represent") as needed.

For authors who prefer their figures to be published in color both in print and online, original color figures can be printed in color at the editor's and publisher's discretion provided the author agrees to pay:

• $900 for one figure
• An additional $600 for the second figure
• An additional $450 for each subsequent figure

Permissions

Authors of accepted papers must obtain and provide to the editor on final acceptance all necessary permissions to reproduce in print and electronic form any copyrighted work, including test materials (or portions thereof), photographs, and other graphic images (including those used as stimuli in experiments).

On advice of counsel, APA may decline to publish any image whose copyright status is unknown.

• Download Permissions Alert Form (PDF, 13KB)

Publication Policies

APA policy prohibits an author from submitting the same manuscript for concurrent consideration by two or more publications.

See also APA Journals^® Internet Posting Guidelines.

APA requires authors to reveal any possible conflict of interest in the conduct and reporting of research (e.g., financial interests in a test or procedure, funding by pharmaceutical companies for drug research).

• Download Disclosure of Interests Form (PDF, 38KB)

In light of changing patterns of scientific knowledge dissemination, APA requires authors to provide information on prior dissemination of the data and narrative interpretations of the data/research appearing in the manuscript (e.g., if some or all were presented at a conference or meeting, posted on a listserv, shared on a website, including academic social networks like ResearchGate, etc.). This information (2–4 sentences) must be provided as part of the Author Note.

Authors of accepted manuscripts are required to transfer the copyright to APA.

• For manuscripts not funded by the Wellcome Trust or the Research Councils UK
  Publication Rights (Copyright Transfer) Form (PDF, 83KB)
• For manuscripts funded by the Wellcome Trust or the Research Councils UK
  Wellcome Trust or Research Councils UK Publication Rights Form (PDF, 34KB)

Ethical Principles

It is a violation of APA Ethical Principles to publish "as original data, data that have been previously published" (Standard 8.13).

In addition, APA Ethical Principles specify that "after research results are published, psychologists do not withhold the data on which their conclusions are based from other competent professionals who seek to verify the substantive claims through reanalysis and who intend to use such data only for that purpose, provided that the confidentiality of the participants can be protected and unless legal rights concerning proprietary data preclude their release" (Standard 8.14).

APA expects authors to adhere to these standards. Specifically, APA expects authors to have their data available throughout the editorial review process and for at least 5 years after the date of publication.

Authors are required to state in writing that they have complied with APA ethical standards in the treatment of their sample, human or animal, or to describe the details of treatment.

• Download Certification of Compliance With APA Ethical Principles Form (PDF, 26KB)

The APA Ethics Office provides the full Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct electronically on its website in HTML, PDF, and Word format. You may also request a copy by emailingwrqvbsxxdxytdffzztywazwaea or calling the APA Ethics Office (202-336-5930). You may also read "Ethical Principles," December 1992, American Psychologist, Vol. 47, pp. 1597–1611.

Other Information

Visit the Journals Publishing Resource Center for more resources for writing, reviewing, and editing articles for publishing in APA journals.