Neuropsychology

Prior to submission, please carefully read and follow the submission guidelines detailed below. Manuscripts that do not conform to the submission guidelines may be returned without review.

Submission

Neuropsychology^® is now using a software system to screen submitted content for similarity with other published content. The system compares each submitted manuscript against a database of 25+ million scholarly publications, as well as content appearing on the open web.

This allows APA to check submissions for potential overlap with material previously published in scholarly journals (e.g., lifted or republished material). A similarity report will be generated by the system and provided to the Neuropsychology Editorial office for review immediately upon submission.

To submit to the editorial office of Steven Paul Woods, PsyD, please submit manuscripts electronically through the Manuscript Submission Portal in Microsoft Word (.docx), Open Office, or LaTex (.tex) as a zip file with an accompanied Portable Document Format (.pdf) of the manuscript file

Prepare manuscripts according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association using the 7^th edition. Manuscripts may be copyedited for bias-free language (see Chapter 5 of the Publication Manual). APA Style and Grammar Guidelines for the 7^th edition are available.

Submit Manuscript

The file must exactly copy, in all respects and in a single file, the complete APA-style printed version of the manuscript.

Authors with questions concerning manuscript submission should address these directly to the Neuropsychology editorial office.

In addition to addresses and phone numbers, please supply email addresses and fax numbers, if available, for potential use by the editorial office and later by the production office.

Keep a copy of the manuscript to guard against loss.

Neuropsychology is a peer-reviewed journal that typically publishes original research as full-length regular articles; systematic reviews and meta-analyses, as well as theoretical articles, are also welcome if they advance knowledge regarding human brain-behavior relationships.

Neuropsychology encourages/publishes direct replications. Submissions should include “A Replication of XX Study” in the subtitle of the manuscript as well as in the abstract.

A detailed description of the editorial coverage policy appears on the inside of the front cover of each issue.

Other article formats, such as brief reports and case studies, will also be considered for publication.

Editor’s Choice

Each issue of Neuropsychology will highlight one article with the designation as an “Editor’s Choice” paper. Selection is based on the recommendations of the associate editors, based on the following criteria: diversity of authors or participants; innovation; scientific rigor; and likely clinical or public significance or impact. Selected papers will appear in the Editor’s Choice newsletter.

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Meta-analyses published in Neuropsychology should adhere to the APA Style Journal Article Reporting Standards (JARS) for manuscripts reporting meta-analyses (PDF, 64KB; see Table 9).

Visit the APA Style JARS website for more information.

Case studies

Case studies will be considered if they raise or illustrate important questions that go beyond the single case and have heuristic value.

Language

The official language of APA journals is English.

Neuropsychology frequently publishes manuscripts submitted by authors from non-English-speaking countries. Authors not fluent in English are strongly recommended to have their manuscript edited for English usage prior to submission. If this is not possible, a notation to this effect should be included in the cover letter to the editor.

Although time constraints prevent the editor and associate editors from assisting authors with their written English, several organizations have extended offers to the journal to provide this service for authors; contact the editor for more information.

Abstract and keywords

Starting in 2010, all manuscripts published in Neuropsychology will include a structured abstract of up to 250 words. The Abstract, presented in paragraph form, should be typed on a separate page (page 2 of the manuscript), and must include each of the following sections:

• Objective: A brief statement of the purpose of the study
• Method: A detailed summary of the participants as well as descriptions of the study design, measures, and procedures
• Results: A detailed summary of the primary findings that include effect sizes or confidence intervals with significance testing
• Conclusions: A summary of the research and implications of the findings

After the abstract, please supply three to five keywords.

Key points

Neuropsychology requires authors of all manuscripts to submit a short Key Points summary, written in conversational English, that summarizes the main takeaways for the article. The Key Points section allows authors' work to be more discoverable and easily interpreted by a number of audiences (clinicians, policy makers, news media).

In the manuscript, include a separate section called “Key points” after the abstract.

Please structure the key points as follows; each section should be no more than one short sentence in length:

• Question: What is the key question this paper addresses?
• Findings: What are the primary findings?
• Importance: What are the key scientific and practical implications of the findings?
• Next steps: What directions should be explored in future research?

Please refer to the Guidance for Translational Abstracts and Public Significance Statements page to help you write this text.

Equity, diversity, and inclusion in Neuropsychology

Neuropsychology is committed to improving equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) in scientific research, in line with the APA Publishing EDI framework.

The journal encourages submissions which extend beyond Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) samples (Henrich, et al., 2010). The journal welcomes submissions which feature Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) and other historically marginalized sample populations. The journal particularly welcomes submissions which feature community-based participatory research (CBPR) models (see Collins, et al., 2018) and study designs that address heterogeneity within diverse samples. Studies focused exclusively on BIPOC or other marginalized populations are also welcome.

Reporting standards for equitable research

To promote a more equitable research and publication process, Neuropsychology has adopted the following standards for inclusive research reporting.

Participant description, sample justification, and informed consent

The method section of each empirical report must contain a detailed description of the study participants, which should include (but is not limited to) the following:

• age
• sex
• gender
• ethnicity
• nativity or immigration history
• socioeconomic status
• clinical diagnoses and comorbidities (as appropriate)
• any other relevant demographics (e.g., disability status; sexual orientation)

In both the abstract and in the discussion section of the manuscript, authors should discuss the diversity of their study samples and the generalizability of their findings (see constraints on generality section below).

Authors should also justify their sample demographics in the discussion section. If Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) or all-White samples are used, authors should justify their samples and describe their sample inclusion efforts (see Roberts, et al., 2020 for more information on justifying sample demographics).

The method section also must include a statement describing how informed consent was obtained from the participants (or their parents/guardians), including for secondary use of data if applicable, and indicate that the study was conducted in compliance with an appropriate Internal Review Board.

Constraints on generality

In the discussion, preferably in a subsection titled “Constraints on generality,” authors should include a detailed discussion of the limits on generality of their research (see Simons, Shoda, & Lindsay, 2017 for discussion and examples). In this section, authors should identify and justify the target populations for their findings, and address limits on generality not only for participants but for materials, procedures, and context. They should also specify which methods they believe could be varied without affecting the result and which should remain constant for the purposes of replication.

Reflexivity

Neuropsychology welcomes submissions that proactively challenge racism and other forms of oppression. In line with the APA Guidelines on Race and Ethnicity in Psychology (2019), authors are encouraged to include reflexive statements in the discussion section, addressing the following questions.

• What are the policy implications of these findings?
• Could this research be misinterpreted or misused to negatively affect underrepresented groups? Does the research have the potential to cause harm to vulnerable groups? If so, how can this be addressed and mitigated?
• Does the design or framing of this research reinforce negative stereotypes about marginalized populations?
• What roles do the researcher(s)’ values and worldview play in the selection of this topic or design of the study?

Author contributions statements using CRediT

The APA Publication Manual (7th ed.) stipulates that "authorship encompasses…not only persons who do the writing but also those who have made substantial scientific contributions to a study" In the spirit of transparency and openness, Neuropsychology has adopted the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) to describe each author's individual contributions to the work. CRediT offers authors the opportunity to share an accurate and detailed description of their diverse contributions to a manuscript.

Submitting authors will be asked to identify the contributions of all authors at initial submission according to this taxonomy. If the manuscript is accepted for publication, the CRediT designations will be published as an author contributions statement in the author note of the final article. All authors should have reviewed and agreed to their individual contribution(s) before submission.

CRediT includes 14 contributor roles, as described below:

• Conceptualization: Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.
• Data curation: Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later re-use.
• Formal analysis: Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data.
• Funding acquisition: Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to this publication.
• Investigation: ​Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection.
• Methodology: Development or design of methodology; creation of models.
• Project administration: Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution.
• Resources: Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools.
• Software: Programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components.
• Supervision: Oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity planning and execution, including mentorship external to the core team.
• Validation: Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs.
• Visualization: Preparation, creation, and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/data presentation.
• Writing – original draft: ​Preparation, creation, and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft (including substantive translation).
• Writing – review and editing: Preparation, creation, and/or presentation of the published work by those from the original research group, specifically critical review, commentary or revision—including pre- or post-publication stages.

Authors can claim credit for more than one contributor role, and the same role can be attributed to more than one author.

Open science badges

Neuropsychology supports practices that increase the reproducibility of scientific findings. These practices include publishing clear and complete methods, direct and conceptual replications, data from replication and generalization designs, publication of effect sizes and their confidence intervals, and both methods sharing and data sharing.

In support of this effort, Neuropsychology will use modified open science badges to identify papers for which authors are willing to share methods and data. The editorial board of Neuropsychology understands that there are reasons why data and methods might not be shareable (e.g., confidentiality, consortium agreements, funding contracts and regulations, expense, acknowledgement of investigator priority, data complexity). Thus, applying for a badge is optional, on a self-disclosure basis, and must be requested by the corresponding author.

With regards to data complexity, badges should only be requested for studies where behavioral data and information needed to interpret the behavioral results would be shared. The journal will also offer preregistration badges for treatment studies and encourages authors to preregister treatment and rehabilitation studies. Please email Neuropsychology's editor with questions about the application of this policy.

How to apply for an open science badge

At submission, authors must confirm that criteria have been fulfilled in a signed badge disclosure form (PDF, 33KB) that must be submitted as supplemental material. If all criteria are met as confirmed by the editor, the form will then be published with the article as supplemental material.

Authors should also note their eligibility for the badge(s) in the cover letter.

For all badges, items must be made available on an open access (or restricted public access, in the case of ICPSR) repository with a persistent identifier in a format that is time-stamped, immutable, and permanent. For the preregistered badge, this is an institutional registration system.

Data and materials must be made available under an open license allowing others to copy, share, and use the data, with attribution and copyright as applicable.

Available badges are:

Open Data:
All data necessary to reproduce the reported results that are digitally shareable are made publicly available. Information necessary for replication (e.g., codebooks or metadata) must be included.

Open Data; Protected Access:
A Protected Access (PA) notation may be added to open data badges if sensitive, personal data are available only from an approved third-party repository that manages access to data to qualified researchers through a documented process. To be eligible for an open data badge with such a notation, the repository must publicly describe the steps necessary to obtain the data and detailed data documentation (e.g. variable names and allowed values) must be made available publicly.

Open Materials:
All materials necessary to reproduce the reported results that are digitally shareable, along with descriptions of non-digital materials necessary for replication, are made publicly available.

Preregistered:
At least one study's design has been preregistered with descriptions of (a) the research design and study materials, including the planned sample size; (b) the motivating research question or hypothesis; (c) the outcome variable(s); and (d) the predictor variables, including controls, covariates, and independent variables. Results must be fully disclosed. As long as they are distinguished from other results in the article, results from analyses that were not preregistered may be reported in the article.

Preregistered+Analysis Plan:
At least one study's design has been preregistered along with an analysis plan for the research — and results are recorded according to that plan.

Abbreviations and metrics

Nonstandard abbreviations should be introduced by placing the abbreviation in parentheses after the first occurrence of the term being abbreviated in both the abstract and the text. The metric system should be followed for all volumes, lengths, weights, and so on. Temperatures should be expressed in degrees Celsius (centigrade). Units should conform to the International System of Units (SI; see the Publication Manual).

Statistical considerations

Whenever appropriate, statistical analyses should include effect sizes and confidence intervals and figures should include error bars. Authors are strongly encouraged to read the APA guidelines for statistical methods and reporting, L. Wilkinson and the Task Force on Statistical Inference, 1999, “Statistical Methods in Psychology Journals: Guidelines and Explanations,” American Psychologist, 54, 594–604 (PDF, 1171KB).

Randomized clinical trials: Use of CONSORT reporting standards

Neuropsychology requires the use of the CONSORT reporting standards (i.e., a checklist and flow diagram) for any study identified as a randomized clinical trial, consistent with the policy established by the Publications and Communications Board of the American Psychological Association. CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) offers a standard way to improve the quality of such reports and to ensure that readers have the information necessary to evaluate the quality of a clinical trial.

Manuscripts that are identified/classified as randomized clinical trials are required to include a flow diagram of the progress through the phases of the trial and a checklist that identifies where in the manuscript the various criteria are addressed. (The checklist should be placed in an Appendix of the manuscript for review purposes.) When a study is not fully consistent with the CONSORT statement, the limitations should be acknowledged and discussed in the text of the manuscript.

For follow-up studies of previously published clinical trials, authors should submit a flow diagram of the progress through the phases of the trial and follow-up. The above checklist information should be completed to the extent possible, especially for the results and discussion sections of the manuscript.

Visit the CONSORT Statement Web site for more details and resources.

Journal Article Reporting Standards

Authors should review the APA Style Journal Article Reporting Standards (JARS) for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. The standards offer ways to improve transparency in reporting to ensure that readers have the information necessary to evaluate the quality of the research and to facilitate collaboration and replication.

The JARS:

• recommend the division of hypotheses, analyses, and conclusions into primary, secondary, and exploratory groupings to allow for a full understanding of quantitative analyses presented in a manuscript and to enhance reproducibility;
• offer modules for authors reporting on replications, clinical trials, longitudinal studies, and observational studies, as well as the analytic methods of structural equation modeling and Bayesian analysis; and
• include guidelines on reporting of study preregistration (including making protocols public); participant characteristics (including demographic characteristics); inclusion and exclusion criteria; psychometric characteristics of outcome measures and other variables; and planned data diagnostics and analytic strategy.

The guidelines focus on transparency in methods reporting, recommending descriptions of how the researcher’s own perspective affected the study, as well as the contexts in which the research and analysis took place.

Transparency and openness

APA endorses the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines by a community working group in conjunction with the Center for Open Science (Nosek et al. 2015). Effective July 1, 2021, empirical research, including meta-analyses, submitted to Neuropsychology must meet the “disclosure” level for all eight aspects of research planning and reporting as well as the "requirement" level (Level 2) for citation, design and analysis transparency, and preregistration. Authors should include a subsection in the method section titled “Transparency and openness.” This subsection should detail the efforts the authors have made to comply with the TOP guidelines.

For example:

• We report how we determined our sample size, all data exclusions (if any), all manipulations, and all measures in the study, and we follow JARS (Kazak, 2018). All data, analysis code, and research materials are available at [stable link to repository]. Data were analyzed using R, version 4.0.0 (R Core Team, 2020) and the package ggplot, version 3.2.1 (Wickham, 2016). This study’s design and its analysis were not pre-registered.

Links to preregistrations and data, code, and materials should also be included in the author note.

Data, materials, and code

Authors must state whether data and study materials are available and, if so, where to access them. Recommended repositories include APA’s repository on the Open Science Framework (OSF), or authors can access a full list of other recommended repositories.

In both the author note and at the end of the method section, specify whether and where the data and material will be available or note the legal or ethical reasons for not doing so. For submissions with quantitative or simulation analytic methods, state whether the study analysis code is available, and, if so, where to access it (or the legal or ethical reason why it is not available).

For example:

• All data have been made publicly available at the [repository name] and can be accessed at [persistent URL or DOI].
• Materials and analysis code for this study are not available.
• The code behind this analysis/simulation has been made publicly available at the [repository name] and can be accessed at [persistent URL or DOI].

Preregistration of studies and analysis plans

For studies that are not clinical trials, preregistration is encouraged, but not required. Preregistration of studies and specific hypotheses can be a useful tool for making strong theoretical claims. Likewise, preregistration of analysis plans can be useful for distinguishing confirmatory and exploratory analyses. Investigators are encouraged to preregister their studies and analysis plans prior to conducting the research (e.g., ClinicalTrials.gov or the Preregistration for Quantitative Research in Psychology template) via a publicly accessible registry system (e.g., OSF, ClinicalTrials.gov, or other trial registries in the WHO Registry Network).

Articles must state whether or not any work was preregistered and, if so, where to access the preregistration. Preregistrations must be available to reviewers; authors may submit a masked copy via stable link or supplemental material. Links in the method section and the author note should be replaced with an identifiable copy on acceptance.

For example:

• This study’s design was preregistered; see [STABLE LINK OR DOI].
• This study’s design and hypotheses were preregistered; see [STABLE LINK OR DOI].
• This study’s analysis plan was preregistered; see [STABLE LINK OR DOI].
• This study was not preregistered.

Tables

Each table should be submitted with the manuscript file. Each should start on a separate page and must be numbered and labeled with an appropriate title. All tables must be self-explanatory.

Masked review

Masked reviews are required.

Each copy of a manuscript should include a separate title page with authors' names and affiliations, and these should not appear anywhere else on the manuscript. Footnotes that identify the authors should be typed on a separate page.

It is the author’s responsibility to see that the manuscript itself contains no clues to their identities, including grant numbers, names of institutions providing IRB approval, self-citations, and links to online repositories for data, materials, code, or preregistrations (e.g., Create a View-only Link for a Project).

Please ensure that the final version of your manuscript for production includes a byline and full author note for typesetting.

Submission letter

Include the following in your submission letter:

• a statement of compliance with APA ethical standards
• a statement that the manuscript or data have not been published previously and that they are not under consideration for publication elsewhere
• a statement to reflect that all listed authors have contributed significantly to the manuscript and consent to their names on the manuscript
• a brief statement of how the article content is relevant to the domain of Neuropsychology as described in the journal inside cover

Failure to include any of the requirements above may result in a delay of the review process. On an optional basis, authors may provide the names and email addresses of up to three qualified potential reviewers for the manuscript.

Manuscript acceptance

Upon acceptance of their manuscript for publication, authors are expected to provide permissions, signed and dated copyright release and disclosure of interest forms, and a statement of compliance with APA ethical standards.

Proofs

All proofs must be corrected and returned within 48 hours of receipt. Any extensive nonessential changes and extensive changes due to author error may incur charges. With the proofs will be a form providing the author with the opportunity to order reprints.

Direct inquiries to the APA Journals Office can be emailed; sent to 800-374-2721; or faxed to 202-336-5549.

Manuscript preparation

Prepare manuscripts according to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association using the 7th edition. Manuscripts may be copyedited for bias-free language (see Chapter 5 of the Publication Manual).

Formatting instructions (all copy must be double-spaced) and instructions on preparing tables, figures, references, metrics, and abstracts appear in the Manual.

Visit the Preparation and Submission page in the Journals Publishing Resource Center for more information

Below are additional instructions regarding the preparation of display equations, computer code, and tables.

Display equations

We strongly encourage you to use MathType (third-party software) or Equation Editor 3.0 (built into pre-2007 versions of Word) to construct your equations, rather than the equation support that is built into Word 2007 and Word 2010. Equations composed with the built-in Word 2007/Word 2010 equation support are converted to low-resolution graphics when they enter the production process and must be rekeyed by the typesetter, which may introduce errors.

To construct your equations with MathType or Equation Editor 3.0:

• Go to the Text section of the Insert tab and select Object.
• Select MathType or Equation Editor 3.0 in the drop-down menu.

If you have an equation that has already been produced using Microsoft Word 2007 or 2010 and you have access to the full version of MathType 6.5 or later, you can convert this equation to MathType by clicking on MathType Insert Equation. Copy the equation from Microsoft Word and paste it into the MathType box. Verify that your equation is correct, click File, and then click Update. Your equation has now been inserted into your Word file as a MathType Equation.

Use Equation Editor 3.0 or MathType only for equations or for formulas that cannot be produced as Word text using the Times or Symbol font.

Computer code

Because altering computer code in any way (e.g., indents, line spacing, line breaks, page breaks) during the typesetting process could alter its meaning, we treat computer code differently from the rest of your article in our production process. To that end, we request separate files for computer code.

In online supplemental material

We request that runnable source code be included as supplemental material to the article. For more information, visit Supplementing Your Article With Online Material.

In the text of the article

If you would like to include code in the text of your published manuscript, please submit a separate file with your code exactly as you want it to appear, using Courier New font with a type size of 8 points. We will make an image of each segment of code in your article that exceeds 40 characters in length. (Shorter snippets of code that appear in text will be typeset in Courier New and run in with the rest of the text.) If an appendix contains a mix of code and explanatory text, please submit a file that contains the entire appendix, with the code keyed in 8-point Courier New.

Tables

Use Word's insert table function when you create tables. Using spaces or tabs in your table will create problems when the table is typeset and may result in errors.

Review APA's Journal Manuscript Preparation Guidelines before submitting your article.

Academic writing and English language editing services

Authors who feel that their manuscript may benefit from additional academic writing or language editing support prior to submission are encouraged to seek out such services at their host institutions, engage with colleagues and subject matter experts, and/or consider several vendors that offer discounts to APA authors.

Please note that APA does not endorse or take responsibility for the service providers listed. It is strictly a referral service.

Use of such service is not mandatory for publication in an APA journal. Use of one or more of these services does not guarantee selection for peer review, manuscript acceptance, or preference for publication in any APA journal.

Submitting supplemental materials

APA can place supplemental materials online, available via the published article in the APA PsycArticles^® database. Please see Supplementing Your Article With Online Material for more details.

References

List references in alphabetical order. Each listed reference should be cited in text, and each text citation should be listed in the references section.

Examples of basic reference formats:

Journal article

McCauley, S. M., & Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Language learning as language use: A cross-linguistic model of child language development. Psychological Review, 126(1), 1–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126

Authored book

Brown, L. S. (2018). Feminist therapy (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000

Chapter in an edited book

Balsam, K. F., Martell, C. R., Jones. K. P., & Safren, S. A. (2019). Affirmative cognitive behavior therapy with sexual and gender minority people. In G. Y. Iwamasa & P. A. Hays (Eds.), Culturally responsive cognitive behavior therapy: Practice and supervision (2nd ed., pp. 287–314). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000119-012

Data set citation

Alegria, M., Jackson, J. S., Kessler, R. C., & Takeuchi, D. (2016). Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), 2001–2003 [Data set]. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR20240.v8

Software/Code citation

Viechtbauer, W. (2010). Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package.  Journal of Statistical Software, 36(3), 1–48. https://www.jstatsoft.org/v36/i03/

Wickham, H. et al., (2019). Welcome to the tidyverse. Journal of Open Source Software, 4(43), 1686, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01686

All data, program code, and other methods must be appropriately cited in the text and listed in the references section.

Figures

Preferred formats for graphics files are TIFF and JPG, and preferred format for vector-based files is EPS. Graphics downloaded or saved from web pages are not acceptable for publication. Multipanel figures (i.e., figures with parts labeled a, b, c, d, etc.) should be assembled into one file. When possible, please place symbol legends below the figure instead of to the side.

Resolution

• All color line art and halftones: 300 DPI
• Black and white line tone and gray halftone images: 600 DPI

Line weights

• Adobe Photoshop images
  • Color (RGB, CMYK) images: 2 pixels
  • Grayscale images: 4 pixels
• Adobe Illustrator Images
  • Stroke weight: 0.5 points

APA offers authors the option to publish their figures online in color without the costs associated with print publication of color figures.

The same caption will appear on both the online (color) and print (black and white) versions. To ensure that the figure can be understood in both formats, authors should add alternative wording (e.g., “the red (dark gray) bars represent”) as needed.

For authors who prefer their figures to be published in color both in print and online, original color figures can be printed in color at the editor's and publisher's discretion provided the author agrees to pay:

• $900 for one figure
• An additional $600 for the second figure
• An additional $450 for each subsequent figure

Permissions

Authors of accepted papers must obtain and provide to the editor on final acceptance all necessary permissions to reproduce in print and electronic form any copyrighted work, including test materials (or portions thereof), photographs, and other graphic images (including those used as stimuli in experiments).

On advice of counsel, APA may decline to publish any image whose copyright status is unknown.

• Download Permissions Alert Form (PDF, 13KB)

Publication policies

For full details on publication policies, including use of Artificial Intelligence tools, please see APA Publishing Policies.

APA policy prohibits an author from submitting the same manuscript for concurrent consideration by two or more publications.

See also APA Journals^® Internet Posting Guidelines.

APA requires authors to reveal any possible conflict of interest in the conduct and reporting of research (e.g., financial interests in a test or procedure, funding by pharmaceutical companies for drug research).

• Download Full Disclosure of Interests Form (PDF, 41KB)

In light of changing patterns of scientific knowledge dissemination, APA requires authors to provide information on prior dissemination of the data and narrative interpretations of the data/research appearing in the manuscript (e.g., if some or all were presented at a conference or meeting, posted on a listserv, shared on a website, including academic social networks like ResearchGate, etc.). This information (2–4 sentences) must be provided as part of the author note.

Ethical Principles

It is a violation of APA Ethical Principles to publish "as original data, data that have been previously published" (Standard 8.13).

In addition, APA Ethical Principles specify that "after research results are published, psychologists do not withhold the data on which their conclusions are based from other competent professionals who seek to verify the substantive claims through reanalysis and who intend to use such data only for that purpose, provided that the confidentiality of the participants can be protected and unless legal rights concerning proprietary data preclude their release" (Standard 8.14).

APA expects authors to adhere to these standards. Specifically, APA expects authors to have their data available throughout the editorial review process and for at least 5 years after the date of publication.

Authors are required to state in writing that they have complied with APA ethical standards in the treatment of their sample, human or animal, or to describe the details of treatment.

• Download Certification of Compliance With APA Ethical Principles Form (PDF, 26KB)

The APA Ethics Office provides the full Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct electronically on its website in HTML, PDF, and Word format. You may also request a copy by emailing or calling the APA Ethics Office (202-336-5930). You may also read "Ethical Principles," December 1992, American Psychologist, Vol. 47, pp. 1597–1611.

Other information

See APA’s Publishing Policies page for more information on publication policies, including information on author contributorship and responsibilities of authors, author name changes after publication, the use of generative artificial intelligence, funder information and conflict-of-interest disclosures, duplicate publication, data publication and reuse, and preprints.

Visit the Journals Publishing Resource Center for more resources for writing, reviewing, and editing articles for publishing in APA journals.

Incoming (2025) editor

(handling all new submissions in 2025)

Steven Paul Woods, PsyD
University of Houston, United States

Editorial fellows

Luciana M. Fonseca, PhD
Washington State University, United States

Jacob D. Jones, PhD
California State University San Bernardino, United States

Outgoing editor

(handling invited revisions only in 2025)

Keith Owen Yeates, PhD
University of Calgary, Canada

Outgoing associate editors

Vicki Anderson, PhD
Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Royal Children's Hospital, Australia

Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo, PhD
Tor Vergata University and Fondazione IRCCS S. Lucia, Rome, Italy

Rosemary Fama, PhD
Stanford University School of Medicine, United States

Elisabeth Wilde, PhD
University of Utah, United States

Steven Paul Woods, PsyD
University of Houston, United States

Outgoing consulting editors

Kendra M. Anderson, PhD
UT Health Neurosciences at McGovern Medical School, United States

Nicole D. Anderson, PhD
Baycrest Academy for Research and Education and University of Toronto, Canada

Peter John Anderson, PhD
Monash University, Australia

Nara Cortes Andrade, PhD
Universidade Católica do Salvador, Argentina

Miguel Arce Rentería, PhD
Columbia University Medical Center, United States

Franchesca Arias, PhD
University of Florida, United States

Andrew Aschenbrenner, PhD
Washington University in St. Louis, United States

Michael R. Basso, PhD
University of Tulsa, United States

Miriam H. Beauchamp, PhD
University of Montreal and Ste-Justine Hospital Research Center, Canada

Mark A. Bellgrove, PhD
Monash University, Australia

Sahba Besharati, PhD
University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa

Emily M. Briceño, PhD
University of Michigan, United States

Adam M. Brickman, PhD
Columbia University, United States

Donna K. Broshek, PhD
University of Virginia School of Medicine, United States

Brandy Callahan, PhD
University of Calgary, Canada

Raymond C. K. Chan, PhD
Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

Michelle H. Chen, PhD
Rutgers University, United States

Derin J. Cobia, PhD
Brigham Young University, United States

Anthony N. Correro II, PhD
Medical College of Wisconsin, United States

Louise Margaret Crowe, PhD
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Australia

Ashley N. Danguecan, PhD
The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada

Naddley Désiré, PhD
The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada

Vonetta M. Dotson, PhD
Georgia State University, United States

Rachael Ellison, PhD
Rosalind Franklin University of Science and Medicine, United States

Carrie Esopenko, PhD
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States

Daniel Erik Everhart, PhD, ABPP, CBSM
East Carolina University, United States

Whitney Fosco, PhD
Fors Marsh, United States

Vina M. Goghari, PhD, CPsych
University of Toronto, Canada

Tamar H. Gollan, PhD
University of California, San Diego, United States

David Andrés González, PhD
Rush University, United States

Stephen J. C. Hearps, MBiostat
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Australia

Kelsey C. Hewitt, PsyD
Emory University, United States

Kristen R. Hoskinson, PhD
The Ohio State University and Nationwide Children’s Hospital, United States

Samantha E. John, PhD
University of Nevada Las Vegas, United States

Andrew M. Kiselica, PhD
University of Georgia, United States

Maxine K. Krengel, PhD
Boston University School of Medicine, United States

Charlene Lam, PhD
University of Hong Kong, China

Scott A. Langenecker, PhD
University of Utah, United States

Anne-Pascale Le Berre, PhD
Stanford University and Public Institution of Mental Health EPSM Finistère Sud, France

Junghee Lee, PhD
University of California, Los Angeles, United States

Sara M. Lippa, PhD
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, United States

Krista M. Lisdahl, PhD
University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States

Andrew Robert Mayer, PhD
Mind Research Network, United States

Skye McDonald, PhD
University of New South Wales, Australia

Luis Daniel Medina, PhD
University of Houston, United States

Tricia Merkley, PhD
Brigham Young University, United States

Eva Maria Müller-Oehring, PhD
Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States

Daniel A. Nation, PhD
University of Southern California, United States

Rowena Ng, PhD
Kennedy Krieger Institute, United States

Sally Ozonoff, PhD
University of California, Davis, United States

Virginie Patt, PhD
VA Boston Healthcare System, United States

Sarika U. Peters, PhD
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States

Olivier Piguet, PhD
University of Sydney, Australia

Nicholas P. Ryan, PhD
Deakin University, Australia

Maureen Schmitter-Edgecombe, PhD
Washington State University, United States

James Cobb Scott, PhD
University of Pennsylvania, United States

Marc L. Seal, PhD
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Australia

Noah D. Silverberg, PhD, ABPP-CN
University of British Columbia, Canada

Michael L. Thomas, PhD
Colorado State University, United States

Elizabeth W. Twamley, PhD
University of California, San Diego, United States

Jennifer Vasterling, PhD
VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, United States

Troy A. Webber, PhD
Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, United States

Michael Weinborn, PhD
University of Western Australia, Australia

Pariya Fazeli Wheeler, PhD
University of Alabama, Birmingham, United States

Stefano Vicari, MD
Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Italy

Keenan A. Walker, PhD
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States

Victoria J. Williams, PhD
University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States

Tomiko Yoneda, PhD
University of California Davis, United States

Abstracting and indexing services providing coverage of Neuropsychology^®

• Cabell's Directory of Publishing Opportunities in Psychology
• Current Contents: Social & Behavioral Sciences
• Embase (Excerpta Medica)
• ERIH (European Reference Index for the Humanities and Social Sciences)
• Journal Citations Report: Social Sciences Edition
• Linguistics & Language Behavior Abstracts
• MEDLINE
• MLA International Bibliography
• OCLC
• PASCAL
• APA PsycInfo
• PsycLine
• SafetyLit
• Science Citation Index Expanded
• SCOPUS
• Social Sciences Citation Index

• Novel Neuropsychological Instruments for the Prodromal and Preclinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (Part 2):

  Special issue of APA's journal Neuropsychology, Vol. 37, No. 7, October 2023. This special issue, part 2, includes original studies as well as literature reviews of the most current and promising approaches aimed at addressing the critical question of distinguishing cognitive decline due to preclinical or prodromal AD from decline associated with physiological aging.

• Novel Neuropsychological Instruments for the Prodromal and Preclinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (Part 1):

  Special issue of APA’s journal Neuropsychology, Vol. 37, No. 6, September 2023. This special issue includes original studies as well as literature reviews of the most current and promising approaches aimed at addressing the critical question of distinguishing cognitive decline due to preclinical or prodromal AD from decline associated with physiological aging.

• Harmonization of Neuropsychological and Other Clinical Endpoints:

  Special issue of APA's journal Neuropsychology, Vol. 37, No. 4, May 2023. This special issue features part 2 of the two-part series of articles related to the harmonization of neuropsychological and other clinical endpoints: pitfalls and possibilities.

• Harmonization of Neuropsychological and Other Clinical Endpoints:

  Special issue of APA's Neuropsychology, Vol. 37, No. 3, March 2023. This special issue features a two-part series of 18 articles related to the harmonization of neuropsychological and other clinical endpoints.

• Neuropsychology in Daily Life:

  Special issue of the APA journal Neuropsychology, Vol. 35, No. 1, January 2021. This special issue highlights new empirical findings and conceptual work that move the needle on our understanding of brain and cognition in the context of daily life.

• The Growth of Neuropsychology Over the Past Quarter Century:

  Special issue of the APA journal Neuropsychology, Vol. 31, No. 8, November 2017. The papers address three broad topics: assessment and intervention, brain imaging, and theory and methods.

• Cognitive Aging:

  Special issue of the APA journal Neuropsychology, Vol. 30, No. 5, July 2016. Includes articles about changes in cognitive processes across the lifespan, as well as racial differences, environmental factors, memory, problem solving, and Alzheimer's disease.

• Aging and Its Comorbidities:

  Special issue of the APA journal Neuropsychology, Vol. 28, No. 6, November 2014. Includes articles about cognitive functioning in older adults and aging-related disorders that impact cognitive functioning.

Transparency and Openness Promotion

APA endorses the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines by a community working group in conjunction with the Center for Open Science (Nosek et al. 2015). The TOP Guidelines cover eight fundamental aspects of research planning and reporting that can be followed by journals and authors at three levels of compliance.

For example:

• Level 1: Disclosure—The article must disclose whether or not the materials are available.
• Level 2: Requirement—The article must share materials when legally and ethically permitted (or disclose the legal and/or ethical restriction when not permitted).
• Level 3: Verification—A third party must verify that the standard is met.

As of July 1, 2021, empirical research, including meta-analyses, submitted to Neuropsychology must, at a minimum, meet Level 1 (Disclosure) for all eight aspects of research planning and reporting as well as Level 2 (Requirement) for citation; design and analysis transparency; and preregistration. Authors should include a subsection in their methods description titled “Transparency and Openness.” This subsection should detail the efforts the authors have made to comply with the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) guidelines.

The list below summarizes the minimal TOP requirements of the journal; please refer to the Center for Open Science TOP guidelines for details, and contact the editor (Keith Owen Yeates, PhD) with any further questions. APA recommends sharing data, materials, and code via trusted repositories (e.g., APA’s repository on the Open Science Framework (OSF)), and we encourage investigators to preregister their studies and analysis plans prior to conducting the research. There are many available preregistration forms (e.g., the APA Preregistration for Quantitative Research in Psychology template, ClinicalTrials.gov, or other preregistration templates available via OSF). Completed preregistration forms should be posted on a publicly accessible registry system (e.g., OSF, ClinicalTrials.gov, or other trial registries in the WHO Registry Network).

A list of participating journals is also available from APA.

The following list presents the eight fundamental aspects of research planning and reporting, the TOP level required by Neuropsychology, and a brief description of the journal's policy.

• Citation: Level 2, Requirement—All data, program code, and other methods developed by others should be appropriately cited in the text and listed in the References section.
• Data Transparency: Level 1, Disclosure—Article states whether the raw and/or processed data on which study conclusions are based are available and, if so, where to access them.
• Analytic Methods (Code) Transparency: Level 1, Disclosure—Article states whether computer code or syntax needed to reproduce analyses in an article is available and, if so, where to access it.
• Research Materials Transparency: Level 1, Disclosure—Article states whether materials described in the Method section are available and, if so, where to access them.
• Design and Analysis Transparency (Reporting Standards): Level 2, Requirement—The journal requires the use of the CONSORT reporting standards for randomized clinical trials and encourages the use of APA Style Journal Article Reporting Standards (JARS-Quant, JARS-Qual, and/or MARS).
• Study Preregistration: Level 2, Requirement—Article states whether the study design and (if applicable) hypotheses of any of the work reported was preregistered and, if so, where to access it. Access to the preregistration should be available at submission. Authors should submit a masked copy via stable link or supplemental material.
• Analysis Plan Preregistration: Level 2, Requirement—Article states whether any of the work reported preregistered an analysis plan and, if so, where to access it. Access to the preregistration should be available at submission. Authors should submit a masked copy via stable link or supplemental material.

Other open science initiatives

• Open Science badges: Offered
• Author contribution statements using CRediT: Required
• Registered Reports: Not published
• Replications: Published
• Constraints on Generality (COG) statements: Recommended

Explore open science at APA.

Journal equity, diversity, and inclusion statement 

Neuropsychology is committed to improving equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) in scientific research, in line with the APA Publishing EDI framework.

The journal encourages submissions which extend beyond Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) samples (Henrich, et al., 2010). The journal welcomes submissions which feature Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) and other historically marginalized sample populations. The journal particularly welcomes submissions which feature community-based participatory research (CBPR) models (see Collins, et al., 2018) and study designs that address heterogeneity within diverse samples. Studies focused exclusively on BIPOC or other marginalized populations are also welcome.

Inclusive study designs 

• Collaborative research models  
• Diverse samples 

Definitions and further details on inclusive study designs are available on the Journals EDI homepage. 

Inclusive reporting standards 

• Bias-free language and community-driven language guidelines (required)
• Author contribution roles using CRediT (required)
• Reflexivity (recommended)
• Data sharing and data availability statements (required)
• Year(s) of data collection (recommended)
• Participant sample descriptions (required)
• Sample justifications (required)
• Constraints on Generality (COG) statements (recommended) 

More information on this journal’s reporting standards is listed under the submission guidelines tab.

Pathways to authorship and editorship 

Editorial fellowships

Editorial fellowships help early-career psychologists gain firsthand experience in scholarly publishing and editorial leadership roles. This journal offers an editorial fellowship program for early-career psychologists from historically excluded communities.

Reviewer mentorship program

This journal encourages reviewers to submit co-reviews with their students and trainees. The journal likewise offers a formal reviewer mentorship program where graduate students and postdoctoral fellows from historically excluded groups are matched with a senior reviewer to produce an integrated review.

Other EDI offerings

ORCID reviewer recognition

Open Research and Contributor ID (ORCID) Reviewer Recognition provides a visible and verifiable way for journals to publicly credit reviewers without compromising the confidentiality of the peer-review process. This journal has implemented the ORCID Reviewer Recognition feature in Editorial Manager, meaning that reviewers can be recognized for their contributions to the peer-review process. 

Masked peer review

This journal offers masked peer review (where both the authors’ and reviewers’ identities are not known to the other). Research has shown that masked peer review can help reduce implicit bias against traditionally female names or early-career scientists with smaller publication records (Budden et al., 2008; Darling, 2015).

Announcements

• Neuropsychology mentored reviewer program for historically excluded groups
• Call for editorial fellow nominations

Editorial

• Editorial January 2022

Editor Spotlight

• Read an interview with Editor Keith Yeates, PhD

From APA Journals Article Spotlight^®

• Steady as she goes! Daily fluctuations in cognitive ability are associated with risk of Alzheimer’s disease
• Novel neuropsychological instruments for the prodromal and preclinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

Podcasts

• Listen to the Meet the Author podcast series