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Getting hired in a tough market

Getting hired in a tough job market

Times are still definitely tough for job seekers. Although the unemployment rate has declined, that rate does not necessarily reflect reality. When you add in people who are underemployed, working part-time or discouraged, the rate is definitely much higher. In an environment like this you need to be savvy and creative to find the job that you want and need. Those who don’t put forth the effort or stick to just one strategy will be left behind.

Read through this guide to get a jump on the competition.

  • Learn how to prepare for your job search effectively.
  • Discover which job search strategies most often bring success.
  • Explore how to prepare and succeed in interviews.
  • Find out the one important thing you must remember.

How should you prepare for your job search?

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How much time should I devote to my search?

The short answer to this question is as much time as you can possibly devote. We all know, however, that this won't happen. Realistically, how much time can and should you devote? Your personal situation will certainly have some impact. Do you have personal responsibilities (children, elderly parents, etc.) that require major chunks of your time? You will need to carefully balance the various duties that you must attend to with devoting the time you need to your job search.

Your state of mind is also a huge consideration. Job hunting is wearing, and it's easy to become emotionally exhausted. When you do find yourself mentally spent, you begin spinning your wheels and making little progress. While making a concerted effort, you need to take care of yourself both mentally and physically.

Some career counselors and coaches will tell you that job searching is now your full-time job, and you absolutely must treat it as such. Because job searching can be such a grind, a full 40 hours a week may just be too much for you to tolerate and still remain productive. You will need to decide how much time is realistic and then develop a standard schedule. A standard schedule is critical in order to keep you on track. Perhaps all you can tolerate is six hours per day. Develop a time schedule and stick to it (perhaps 9:00 – 12:00, an hour for lunch, and 1:00 – 4:00). Adhering to those hours each day will ensure that you'll be much more productive than during a longer day that isn't as well defined.

In any case, you should plan to devote a significant amount of time to your search each and every day. Be sure to also build in some time for a trip to the gym or a walk around the block. You will be more productive if you also build in that "down" time.

Finally, give yourself permission to take weekends off. Your family and friends need to see you and get some of your time. Use the weekends to disengage from the stress of the search and actually have some fun!

How will I reward and take care of myself?

Your ultimate goal, of course, is to find the job you want. In a tough economy, this will take substantial time and effort. Your ultimate reward will be that fantastic job that you land.

As with any long-term goal, however, you must have milestones along the way (perhaps as often as weekly). You should build a mini-reward system as you reach those milestones. One job seeker rewarded herself with an inexpensive night out at a neighborhood restaurant. Another gave himself a round of golf at a nearby municipal course. Choose rewards that work for you, but be sure that you actually reach the milestones to earn them.

As we've already established, taking care of yourself, both mentally and physically, is extremely important to deal with the stress of a job search. Your mental and physical well-being are closely related and most people find that physical activity positively impacts their mental attitude. In other words, this is not the time to cancel your gym membership. Be sure to build time into your schedule for some sort of physical activity - even if it is a half-hour walk around the block.

Also be sure to actively seek out opportunities to interact with others socially. Some job seekers retreat into isolation. They may either be embarrassed about their situation or find the search process so exhausting that they shut themselves off from friends and family. Social interaction will help to recharge your batteries and improve your mental outlook. This can only help your job search.

Where will I work on my job search?

You must have an area in your home that is your "space" to conduct your search. If you already have a home office you're in great shape, as that can automatically become your search space. If you don't, however, you need to identify where your search space will be. Perhaps it's a corner in a bedroom or family room, but having the designated space is critical to your success. You and those who live with you know that this is "your" space for now at least.

Once you've identified some suitable space, take the time to set it up properly. Do you have the office supplies that you will need – or is it time for a trip to the office supply store? Is there a computer at your disposal in this space? How are you going to organize the reams of paper that will probably accompany your search? Do you have some file drawers set up and files to organize all of your job search materials? A space that isn't well organized will impede your progress.

Once your space is set up, make sure that everyone you live with understands the "hands off" rule. During your search you may need to quickly find some kind of document. If a well meaning significant other has "helpfully" cleaned or straightened your space, you could lose something important. For anyone who lives with you, the rule must truly be "hands off." You don't want to suffer the fate of one job seeker whose spouse decided to clean up and threw away important job search documents!

What should I tell the people I live with?

It's a good idea to communicate with your significant other and those you live with about your plan for your job search. Many job seekers report that because they are physically around and available more than usual, interruptions make it difficult to focus on what they need to accomplish. You should communicate your weekly timeline and overall strategies so that everyone around you understands them. Also communicate when you will be available so that everyone understands. Making sure that the people around you understand your strategy and availability will make your search a whole lot easier.

A job search can be very stressful to your personal relationship with your spouse or significant other. You should have a conversation with that person early on in your search. They need to be assured that you will be doing everything you can to find your next opportunity. After all, their financial security is probably at stake, which will give them serious concerns. At the same time, you need to help them understand that daily nagging or detailed questioning about your progress won't help you to be productive. Too many relationships are impacted negatively by a job search if this important conversation isn't held up front!

Who will I be accountable to?

The short answer, of course, is that you will be accountable to yourself. Many job seekers, however, find it helpful to enlist a friend or colleague to be their "job search buddy." This doesn't need to be someone who is an expert in the job search process, but it should be someone who you trust to give you honest feedback about your progress. Your buddy shouldn't be someone who is too close to you such as your spouse or significant other. The relationship is too close and that is a very fast way to undermine your relationship.

Once you've identified someone and had them agree to be your job search buddy, set up a regular check-in time with them. It's best to do it weekly and to meet in person. Many job seekers set up a weekly time to talk over a cup of coffee with their buddy. Use the time to review what you have accomplished in the past week and then discuss what you plan for the coming week. Be sure that your buddy is someone who will give you honest feedback and take you to task if you aren't doing what you have committed to do. Although you have accountability to yourself in this process, having a job search buddy gives you accountability to someone else that you will do what you said you would do.

Preparing thoroughly for your interview is one of the keys to interview success. By preparing thoroughly, you will have a jump on much of your competition. Many job candidates do no interview preparation and don’t know how to handle the typical interview process.

First step: Know yourself

The first step in preparing for your interview should take place long before you walk through the interviewer’s door. You need to be sure that you know yourself, your interests, skills, and what you have to offer. Many of the questions you are asked during any interview will delve into your skills and background, and you need to think about these areas in advance.

One approach is to do a simple skills inventory using the “refrigerator exercise.” With a refrigerator magnet, post a couple blank sheets of paper on your refrigerator. Leave them there for at least a week, and every time you open your refrigerator try to write down at least one skill or ability that you can offer a potential employer. Share your list with close friends, relatives, and colleagues. Ask them for feedback about anything that you’ve forgotten or overlooked.

After you complete the refrigerator exercise, focus in on those skills that you think will be most desirable to a potential employer. Write accomplishment statements for several of the skills, which will allow you to articulate exactly how you used the skills in real-life work situations.

Second step: Practical logistics

Once you have an interview scheduled, there are several very practical things that you need to attend to:

  • Check your interview clothing several days ahead of time to make sure that it is clean and neatly pressed. How embarrassing to find on the day of your interview that your white shirt or your favorite skirt has a big spot!
  • Practice common interview questions that you are likely to be asked. While you don’t want to sounds like a tape recording when the questions are actually asked during your interview, you do want to practice (out loud!) how you will respond.
  • Get a good haircut/conservative hairstyle. Being well groomed will provide a good first impression.
  • Research the department/business area where you will be interviewing. If you know anyone who works in the department/business area, contact them to find out what you can. Does your contact know anything about the common interview practices used in that area? Can they provide any hints that will help you succeed during your interview?

Third step: The day of the interview

There are several things that you can do on the day of your interview, even before you go into the interview room that will help you to be successful:

  • Be sure that you get a good night’s sleep before your interview. If you are overtired you are more likely to make errors in responding to the interviewer’s questions.
  • Don’t use perfume/cologne/aftershave. Some interviewers may be allergic, and others may simply dislike your brand.
  • Take along several copies of your resume. Even if the interviewers have already received your resume, it may have been misplaced or the person(s) interviewing you may not have a copy available. By having copies of your resume with you, you can avoid being asked to deliver a “verbal resume.”
  • Also take along several copies of your list of references. If the interview has gone well, the employer may want to check your references as one stage of moving forward with your candidacy. Having a neatly typed list of at least three references will provide a favorable impression.
  • Leave yourself plenty of time so that you can easily arrive five to ten minutes early. If you arrive earlier, find a coffee shop and relax for a few minutes. DO NOT arrive late – you’ll make a terrible first impression!
  • Use a breath mint just before entering the location of your interview. This is especially important if you are a smoker! You may not be aware of your bad breath, and it can leave a poor impression with an interviewer.

In a career that has spanned several decades, Albert Mehrabian, PhD, of UCLA has studied communication skills and our communication “package.” The results of his research outline the components of our communication package, and estimate the level of importance that each component plays in delivering our message.

Communication package components

Words: account for only 7% of what we communicate

Voice and tone: make up 38% of what is communicated

Body language: makes up as much as 55% of what we communicate

Below is a list of questions that you might be asked during an interview. The list is by no means exhaustive, and similar questions could be asked with slightly different wording. The questions are roughly organized according to categories of interest/possible interview format. Think through and practice these questions ahead of time, particularly those that you think may give you trouble.

Ice-breakers

These are designed to put you at ease, while at the same time seeing how well you engage in an informal conversation.

  • Were the directions to get here easy to follow?
  • Isn’t this weather great (horrible)?
  • How about those Redskins (Cowboys)?

Education/career

These questions will assess your educational and career backgrounds, and what kind of a “fit” they are for the position. As you talk about your background and skills, you’ll want to give specific examples and relate them as much as possible to the job for which you are interviewing.

  • Tell me about yourself.
  • Tell me about your last job.
  • Tell me about the best boss you ever had. The worst.
  • Tell me about your educational background
  • Why did you choose your college/graduate school major/degree?
  • Where do you see yourself in your career in five years? Ten years?
  • What accomplishments have you enjoyed most in your career?

Background/skills/experience

These questions will delve into the specifics of what you can offer the prospective employer. If the position requires very specific or technical skills, you can expect very detailed questions probing your expertise in those skills. These questions may also be behavioral questions, requiring you to cite specific examples in your answer of how you displayed the trait or skill in a past situation.

  • What are your strengths? Weaknesses?
  • How would you describe your managerial style? Your leadership style?
  • Describe a managerial situation in which you had to make a decision without all the information you needed. How did you make the decision?
  • What experience have you had hiring employees? Firing employees?
  • How do you handle stress?
  • Describe a situation where you had to juggle multiple priorities. How did you do it, and were you successful?
  • Describe a time when you had to be an effective team player.
  • What is your experience in handling budgets?
  • What was your biggest success? Biggest failure?

Closing/procedural

As the interview nears its end, the interviewer will usually let you know that he or she is finished, and end with some closing or procedural questions. In most cases, there will be an opportunity for you to ask a few questions. A good interviewer will tell you what the timeline is and next steps are, but be sure to ask if this information isn’t provided.

  • Do you have any questions?
  • What is your availability to begin work if you are offered this position?
  • Is there any other information about you that I should have?
  • What are your salary expectations?
  • How long has this position been open?
  • What happened to the last person who held this position?
  • Can you describe the “corporate culture” of this organization?
  • Does this position/department have its own budget? Who controls it?
  • Where does this position/department fit into the company’s organizational structure?
  • Who will make the final hiring decision for this position?
  • Are training/professional development opportunities supported by this organization?
  • How is performance measured in this organization?

Questions not to ask the interviewer

  • What is the salary?
  • When can I take my first vacation?
  • How old are you?
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How should I follow-up after my interview?

Many candidates don’t realize that what they do after the interview can have almost as great an impact as what they do during the interview. Not following-up appropriately can deliver a variety of messages to the recruiter: that you don’t care, you don’t possess good follow-up skills, or you don’t understand the importance of social niceties in the business world.

Consider the case of Susan, a director in a fund raising firm. She interviewed a candidate who she considered perfect for a fund raising position. The candidate interviewed extremely well, was personable and appeared to have all the skills and qualifications to do a great job. In the days following the interview, Susan waited for some kind of follow-up from the candidate. The job offer was ready, and would be made as soon as the candidate followed-up. No thank you letter or any other follow-up ever occurred. Susan didn’t make the offer, reasoning that lack of follow-up after the interview could translate to lack of follow-up with clients.

Many candidates ask about taking notes during an interview, wanting to have some record of the discussion to use in later follow-up. As a candidate, limit your note taking during an interview. Extensive note taking will distract you from the interviewer’s questions, and the quality of your answers. It is an excellent idea, however, to make notes about the interview as soon as possible after it concludes. In particular, make note of anything on which you need to follow-up, and anything you want to mention in your follow-up thank-you to the interviewer.

You should plan to follow-up on your interview with some sort of thank-you. Some career professionals disagree as to whether the thank-you should be in the form of an email message, or a more traditional hard-copy letter. The best advice is to consider the type of organization at which you interviewed and its culture. An interviewer at an innovative high-tech organization will probably respond best to an e-mail message. If you interviewed at a more traditional organization, a hard-copy letter will probably be a better bet. In either case, a thank-you will show good follow-up on your part, and could set you apart from the competition.

Date created: 2016