45%
Percentage of women in the workforce who were employed at their desired capacity, compared with 51% of men. Results are from surveys of working men and women in 154 countries between 2017 and 2022.
27.5%
Percentage of women in the workforce who were underemployed—defined as those who were unemployed and those who worked part-time for an employer but wanted full-time work—compared with 20% of men who were underemployed. The analysis did not include people who were self-employed.
25%
Percentage of women who were underemployed and considered themselves to be thriving, compared with 31% of women working at their desired capacity. In comparison, 23% of underemployed men and 26% of men employed at capacity considered themselves to be thriving.
25%–51%
Percentage of underemployed women who expressed negative emotions including worry, stress, sadness, and anger, compared with 21%–41% of women working at their desired capacity. For men, those numbers ranged between 24% and 46% for the underemployed and between 18% and 35% for those employed at their desired capacity.
